The purpose of the article is to study whether it is possible to clean soils from oil and petroleum products using bacterial strains. Experimental samples of biological products were cultured in Erlenmeyer flasks in Evans mineral medium in the presence of 15% oil (volume/volume) at a temperature of 24°C for 50 days. For 6 weeks of the experiment, the loss of oil in the area with the test sample of the biopreparation was 70%. The association can be used in saline (up to 8% salt) soils in the pH range 4-9, and at low soil humidity (about 10%).
Herein, we report on the reaction of nitro-substituted azidobenzofuroxans with 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds in basic media. The known reactions of benzofuroxans and azidofuroxans with 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds in the presence of bases are the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition and the Beirut reaction. In contrast with this, azidonitrobenzofuroxan reacts with 1,3-carbonyl compounds through Regitz diazo transfer, which is the first example of this type of reaction for furoxan derivatives. This difference is seemingly due to the strong electron-withdrawing effect of the superelectrophilic azidonitrobenzofuroxan, which serves as the azido transfer agent rather than 1,3-dipole in this case.
This paper presents the results of research on obtaining biochar from agricultural plant waste such as rice husk and straw. The selection of the optimal conditions for thermolysis, such as the duration and temperature of the process, has been conducted. The thermolysis products are characterized for iodine adsorption activity, cumulative water pore volume, and for bulk density. The porous structure of the obtained products has been studied by scanning electron microscopy. Based on the results of the research conducted, it has been found that biochars obtained from husk and straw with a thermolysis duration of 30 minutes have low iodine sorption characteristics and water pore volumes. With an increase in the duration of thermolysis, the sorption characteristics improve, the optimal for the husk is the thermolysis duration of 60 minutes at a temperature of 500°C, and for straw, the optimal thermolysis duration is 60 minutes at a temperature of 300°C. The best option is biochar obtained from rice straw at a duration of 60 minutes and a thermolysis temperature of 300°C, having an iodine adsorption activity of 54.61%, a cumulative water pore volume of 0.941 cm3/g and a bulk density of 169.29 g/dm3. The obtained biochars from rice husk and straw have been studied by scanning electron microscopy at 4300 and 5000 times magnification, and they have a developed porous structure. According to the literature, it is known that biochar can also be used as a renewable energy source. Research has been carried out to determine the calorific value of the obtained biochars. To compare the calorific value of rice husk, straw and the obtained biochars, their heating values have been determined on a calorimeter. The highest heating value has a biochar obtained from husk at a duration of 60 minutes and at a thermolysis temperature of 400°C with a value of 17.520 kJ/g, the optimal for biochar obtained from straw is a duration of 60 minutes and a thermolysis temperature of 400°C with a value of 16.451 kJ/g. The experimental data obtained make it possible to use the obtained biochar from rice straw in the future as a biofertilizer to improve the characteristics of soils, as well as to use biochar obtained from rice husk to produce renewable fuel.
Co-thermolysis of rice husk and straw with oil sludge was carried out in order to obtain a widely used adsorbent – activated carbon. Carbonization was carried out in a tubular furnace made of stainless steel at a temperature of 500°C and the activation of carbonization was carried out with water vapor at a temperature of 800°C. The influence of the ratio of the initial components of the raw material (husk / straw:oil sludge) on the properties of the product was studied. The ЭКОЛОГИЯ 172 НЕФТЬ И ГАЗ 2020. 3–4 (117–118) optimal ratio for co-thermolysis of the husk: oil sludge is 9:1 (by weight), respectively. The optimal condition for the production of activated carbon by co-thermolysis of rice straw and oil sludge is a carbonization temperature of 500°C with a duration of 100 min, activation of the carbonizate at a temperature of 850°C and with a ratio of water:carbonizate = 2:1. Indices such as iodine adsorption activity, total pore volume in water, mass fraction of moisture, and bulk density were studied. The microstructures of the obtained activated carbons were studied on a scanning scanning electron microscope. Activated carbon obtained by the joint processing of rice husk and oil sludge in a ratio of 9:1 corresponds to activated carbon brand DAK. The resulting product based on rice straw and oil sludge corresponds to the activated carbons BAU-MF, BAU-A and BAU-Ats.
В работе рассматривается переработка многотоннажного сельскохозяйственного отхода – рисовой соломы в целлюлозу, которая может найти применение для производства бумажных изделий. Процесс десиликации рисовой соломы проводили в условиях сверхвысокочастотного облучения при мощностях 100 и 180 Вт в течение 5-40 мин раствором гидроксида натрия. Делигнификацию полученного продукта после процесса десиликации также проводили в условиях сверхвысокочастотного облучения при мощностях 100 и 180 Вт в течение 5- 40 мин смесью уксусной кислоты и пероксида водорода в соотношении 1:1 в присутствии молибдата аммония (0-5 мас. % от целлюлозной массы). Для отбелки полученной массы использовали концентрированный раствор гипохлорита натрия. Выход целевого продукта – целлюлозы составил 42,7-70,3 мас.%. Целлюлоза, полученная при десиликации и делигнификации сверхвысокочастотным облучением при мощности 180 Вт в течение 15 мин в присутствии молибдата аммония (5% от сухой обескремненной целлюлозной массы) и без добавления гипохлорита натрия является оптимальным, содержание альфа-целлюлозы в конечном продукте составил 74,45 мас. %, данная продукция соответствует №2 марки А (целлюлоза, применяемая для изготовления белой офисной бумаги). Полученные результаты могут найти применение для изготовления бумажных изделий.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.