The demand for improvement in healthcare delivery has been increasing. Thus, a standardized method allows quality assessment of data and its comparison between various institutions over time. Many attempts have been made to classify surgical complications before 1990; however, none of those attempts gained popularity and acceptance. Clavien and his colleagues started the wave by explaining negative outcomes on the basis of complications, failure to cure, and sequelae. Complications were primarily defined as “any deviation from the normal postoperative course”. Since then, many such classification systems and grading systems have been introduced and studied for analyzing the post-operative complications. The purpose of this study was to review the revolution in the classification systems for surgical complications, its validation, and to analyze the results of various qualitative indicators for post-operative complications obtained by using these classification systems. A global set of keywords were built such as “grading of surgical complications”, “abdominal surgery”, “classification of surgical complications”, and the “Clavien Dindo Classification”. A literature review was done using PubMed, Medline, and Google Scholar. A list of reference articles concerning the literature on classification systems for surgical complications was manually analyzed from the year 1992 and the data was summarized.
The liver and lungs are the two organs most commonly affected by the endemic illness known as hydatid disease. The most typical reason for peritoneal echinococcosis is when a hepatic hydatid cyst ruptures into the peritoneal cavity. A cyst in the pelvic cavity is only deemed main if there are no additional hydatid cysts anywhere else. Here, we describe a solitary pelvic hydatid cyst that manifested without affecting the lungs or any other internal organs. Our patient, a 50-year-old lady, was diagnosed with a thin-walled big cystic mass in the pelvic area by ultrasonography. Her main symptoms were dull aching discomfort around the umbilicus and umbilical hernia. The most likely first diagnosis for her operation was an isolated pelvic mass. Clinical examination and imaging study were done and incidentally diagnosed as a pelvic hydatid cyst disease with dense adhesion between the omentum, bladder and left ovary and left fallopian tube. A laparotomy was performed. The cyst was removed successfully from the surrounding adhesion on the surgical attempt without undue complication. There are no indications of a disease recurrence in the post-operative follow-up.Gynecologists and surgeons should be apprised of the potential for a single main hydatid cyst in the pelvic region and must consider this condition when establishing a differential diagnosis of a primary cystic pelvic mass.
Intussusceptions are a common condition seen in children and are rarely seen in adults the etiology is not clearly understood the common know etiology for intussusceptions are polyps, Mikel's diverticulum, carcinomas and idiopathic.The patient presents with nonspecific abdominal pain, vomiting, loss of weight, emaciation, weakness, diarrhoea and in long-standing may lead to anorexia. Due to the low specificity of radiographs, USG is the more specific diagnostic tool for locating the intussusceptions. Here we present a 61-yearold patient who reported to the hospital with pain in the abdomen for two months on clinical examination and USG the patient showed signs of ileocecal intussusceptions which was managed by surgical resection and followed by medication post-operatively the patient was observed for 20 days and the sutures were removed and the patient was discharged. We conclude that surgical resection in the cases of ileocecal intussusceptions proved to be the most effective tool for relieving the symptoms and improving the functionality of the patient.
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