In this paper we propose to extend Amdahl's law for modelling multicores with process variation using simple mathematical techniques. We consider three major families of multicore processors-symmetric, asymmetric, and dynamic. We consider a conservative operating mode for setting the target frequency (plain), and a more optimised method (opt). Subsequently, we propose three separate corollaries to the standard Amdahl's Law to model the performance of different multicore configurations with different modes of operation. We observe that most of the major trends published in prior work or the ones that we observe through Monte Carlo simulations can be explained by a simple hypothetical concept called an equivalent core. The crux of our approach is to look at a set of equivalent cores with no variation that have the same performance as the target system. It is much simpler and much more intuitive to reason in terms of equivalent cores. Along with being an effective analytical tool, it can be used to speed up a lot of heuristics, and can be exposed to higher level software for advanced scheduling decisions. Lastly, we validate our models with experiments on a real system, and the maximum error is limited to 8%.
In this paper, we present the design of a novel multicore simulator called ParTejas . It is a fast shared memory based parallel simulator written in Java. Unlike recently released parallel simulators that mainly rely on sampling, high level models, and highly relaxed synchroniza tion, we primarily rely on novel concurrent data structures.In specific, we use a lock free parallel slot scheduler for synchronizing the accesses of multiple threads at a shared resource, and we use flexible barriers known as phasers to relax synchronization within bounds. We leverage additional language specific features of Java, and demonstrate a mean speedup of 1l.8X (simulation speed of 4-8 MIPS) with 64 threads for a suite of Splash2 and Parsec benchmarks.
The liver and lungs are the two organs most commonly affected by the endemic illness known as hydatid disease. The most typical reason for peritoneal echinococcosis is when a hepatic hydatid cyst ruptures into the peritoneal cavity. A cyst in the pelvic cavity is only deemed main if there are no additional hydatid cysts anywhere else. Here, we describe a solitary pelvic hydatid cyst that manifested without affecting the lungs or any other internal organs. Our patient, a 50-year-old lady, was diagnosed with a thin-walled big cystic mass in the pelvic area by ultrasonography. Her main symptoms were dull aching discomfort around the umbilicus and umbilical hernia. The most likely first diagnosis for her operation was an isolated pelvic mass. Clinical examination and imaging study were done and incidentally diagnosed as a pelvic hydatid cyst disease with dense adhesion between the omentum, bladder and left ovary and left fallopian tube. A laparotomy was performed. The cyst was removed successfully from the surrounding adhesion on the surgical attempt without undue complication. There are no indications of a disease recurrence in the post-operative follow-up.Gynecologists and surgeons should be apprised of the potential for a single main hydatid cyst in the pelvic region and must consider this condition when establishing a differential diagnosis of a primary cystic pelvic mass.
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