Aceclofenac, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, has a propensity to cause gastric ulcers, while zinc ions are known to possess anti-ulcer and anti-inflammatory activities. With a view to reduce the gastroenteropathies associated with aceclofenac, its zinc complex was prepared and characterized using spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. In vitro hydrolysis study showed that zinc complex of aceclofenac is more stable in HCl buffer (pH 1.2) than in phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) indicating the stability of the complex in stomach. In silico testing of the aceclofenac and its complex using PASS (Prediction of activity spectra of substances) software revealed that the complex might possess antiinflammatory activity which was confirmed by carrageenan-induced rat paw edema test. It has been found that antiinflammatory activity of this complex is comparable with that of parent drug along with reduction in ulcer index. Thus, the use of complex is suggested to be more preferable than aceclofenac alone.
BackgroundThe aim of this study was to evaluate the hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, and anti-inflammatory potentials of ethanolic extract of leaves of Amaranthus paniculatus linn. (EEAP) on alloxan-induced diabetic rats scientifically. Hyperglycemia induces the generation of free radicals which can affect antioxidant defenses, thus leading to the disruption of beta cellular functions, oxidative damage to membranes, leading to the release of C-reactive protein and altered lipid metabolism.MethodsDiabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of ice-cold aqueous alloxan monohydrate at the dose of 150 mg/kg body weight.ResultsAfter a daily single oral administration of the EEAP for 28 days starting from the study protocol, the blood glucose, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were assessed. The results obtained from the study administration of daily dose of EEAP significantly reduced the blood glucose, SGPT, SGOT, TC, TG, and CRP in a dose-dependent manner. The results obtained were comparable to those of glibenclamide. The serum levels of TC, TG, and CRP were significantly altered in the diabetic control group, but it was significantly decreased in the extract-treated group and standard glibenclamide-treated group, except at a dose of 100 mg/kg where there was no significant effect on the TG level. The finding obtained suggests that EEAP acts through molecular level, modifying the altered pathways in diabetes and associated complications.ConclusionThe results obtained suggest that EEAP possesses a potential for the management of diabetes and associated complications in experimentally-induced diabetic rats.
A simple, rapid and precise method was developed for the quantitative estimation of prasugrel hydrochloride in pharmaceutical dosage form. A chromatographic separation of prasugrel and its degradants was achieved with Zorbax XDB C8, 150 × 4.6 mm, 3.5μm analytical column using aqueous solution of 0.05 M ammonium acetate pH 4.5 with acetic acid-acetonitrile (40:60 v/v). The instrumental settings include flow rate of 1.0 ml/min, column temperature at 30°C and detector wavelength of 254 nm using a photodiode array detector. Theoretical plates for prasugrel were 7023. Tailing factor for prasugrel was 1.11. Prasugrel was exposed to thermal, photolytic, hydrolytic and oxidative stress conditions, and the stressed samples were analyzed by the proposed method. Peak homogeneity data of prasugrel was obtained using photodiode array detector in the stressed sample chromatograms, which demonstrated the specificity of the method for the estimation in presence of degradants. The described method showed excellent linearity over a range of 10–300 μg/ml for prasugrel. The correlation coefficient is 0.999. The relative standard deviation of peak area for six measurements is always less than 2%. Overall, the proposed method was found to be suitable and accurate for quantitative determination and stability study of prasugrel in pharmaceutical dosage form.
A simple, rapid, and precise method is developed for the quantitative estimation of dronedarone hydrochloride in presence of its degradants which are formed due to stress conditions. A chromatographic separation of the dronedarone and its degradants were achieved with Zorbax XDB C 8, 150 x 4.6 mm, 3.5µm analytical column using aqueous solution of 0.05M ammonium acetate and acetonitrile (40:60 v/v). The instrumental settings are flow rate of 1.0 mL/min, column temperature at 30 o C, and detector wavelength of 220 nm using a photodiode array detector. Observed theoretical plates and tailing factor for dronedarone were 6577 and 1.09 respectively. Dronedarone was exposed to thermal, photolytic, hydrolytic and oxidative stress conditions, and the stressed samples were analysed by the proposed method. Peak homogeneity data of dronedarone is obtained using photodiode array detector. The stressed sample chromatograms demonstrate the specificity of the method for the estimation dronedarone in presence of its degradants. The described method showed excellent linearity over a range of 10 -300 µg/mL for dronedarone. The correlation coefficient is 0.999. The relative standard deviation of peak area for six measurements is always found to be less than 2%. The proposed method was found to be suitable and accurate for quantitative determination and stability study of dronedarone.
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