Ethanolic extract of Amaranthus paniculatus Linn. ameliorates diabetes-associated complications in alloxan-induced diabetic rats

Abstract

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to evaluate the hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, and anti-inflammatory potentials of ethanolic extract of leaves of Amaranthus paniculatus linn. (EEAP) on alloxan-induced diabetic rats scientifically. Hyperglycemia induces the generation of free radicals which can affect antioxidant defenses, thus leading to the disruption of beta cellular functions, oxidative damage to membranes, leading to the release of C-reactive protein and altered lipid metabolism.MethodsDiabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of ice-cold aqueous alloxan monohydrate at the dose of 150 mg/kg body weight.ResultsAfter a daily single oral administration of the EEAP for 28 days starting from the study protocol, the blood glucose, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were assessed. The results obtained from the study administration of daily dose of EEAP significantly reduced the blood glucose, SGPT, SGOT, TC, TG, and CRP in a dose-dependent manner. The results obtained were comparable to those of glibenclamide. The serum levels of TC, TG, and CRP were significantly altered in the diabetic control group, but it was significantly decreased in the extract-treated group and standard glibenclamide-treated group, except at a dose of 100 mg/kg where there was no significant effect on the TG level. The finding obtained suggests that EEAP acts through molecular level, modifying the altered pathways in diabetes and associated complications.ConclusionThe results obtained suggest that EEAP possesses a potential for the management of diabetes and associated complications in experimentally-induced diabetic rats.

Thymoquinone Attenuates Cardiomyopathy in Streptozotocin‐Treated Diabetic Rats

“…Giribabu et al [ 27 ] stated that STZ-nicotinamide-induced cardiac injuries were accompanied by significant increases in troponin I and CK-MB in diabetic rats. On the contrary, TQ ameliorated the cardiac injuries that occurred in diabetic rats through hindering inflammatory progression and enhancing antioxidant status [ 28 ]. This experiment revealed that TQ potentiated the antioxidant status of plasma along with cardiac muscles of STZ-treated rats via significant decreases in plasma NO and cardiac MDA, while significantly increasing the plasma and cardiac T.SOD.…”

“…Diabetes accompanied by inflammation and heart disorder is correlated with increased inflammatory biomarkers and cytokines [ 30 ], and therefore, plasma E-selectin, CRP, and IL-6 can be augmented in diabetic rats. Nawale et al [ 28 ] stated that alloxan-induced diabetic rats had a significant level of CRP. Also, CRP, IL-6, E-selectin, and TNF- α were significantly raised in diabetic rats in response to oxidative damage [ 5 , 31 , 32 ].…”

Ethnopharmacological Inspections of Organic Extract ofOroxylum indicumin Rat Models: A Promising Natural Gift

“…[10][11][12]. Leaves were claimed for antioxidant activities, antiviral activities, especially chikungunya, and reduction of oxidative stress [13][14][15][16]. Young leaves, fruits, pods, and unripe seeds are edible and contained crude protein, ash, crude fiber, carbohydrates, amines, amides, carboxylic acids, and aromatic compounds [17].…”

Macro- and Micronutrients from Traditional Food Plants Could Improve Nutrition and Reduce Non-Communicable Diseases of Islanders on Atolls in the South Pacific

“…Especially important, given the high NCD (particularly diabetes) rates in the Pacific and northern Australia, are the anti-diabetes and anti-cardiovascular disease effects of most of the plants featured in the factsheets, demonstrated in scientific studies. Studies with evidence for this include the following: drumstick [ 36 , 37 , 38 , 50 , 60 ], amaranth [ 61 , 62 , 63 ], bele [ 64 , 65 , 66 ], chilli [ 67 , 68 , 69 ], purslane [ 70 , 71 , 72 ], kangkong [ 73 , 74 , 75 ], ofenga [ 76 , 77 , 78 ], hedge panax [ 79 , 80 ], chaya [ 39 , 40 ], pumpkin [ 81 , 82 ], and choko [ 83 , 84 ]. Their inclusion in the diet in sufficient quantity is likely to reduce the risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease, not only by reducing glycemic load when they are included with high-carbohydrate meals, but also because of specific anti-diabetes effects.…”