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In this research work, a maiden approach is made for the frequency control in an islanded AC Microgrid (MG) by considering a hybrid Whale Optimization Algorithm and Pattern Search (hWOA‐PS) algorithm based multi‐stage Proportional Integrator Derivative controller. A MG may be formed by combining some of the unique assets like renewable energy sources, wind electricity era, and the sun electricity irradiation. Variation in any of the source influences the system frequency, and thus frequency control issue in MG is always a challenge for the researchers. In light of these difficulties, this paper considers a multi‐stage PID controller for the secondary frequency control of the islanded MGs, and a novel hWOA‐PS algorithm is used to tune the controller parameters. The proposed hybrid controller is inspected on a MG test system, and the robustness and execution are assessed by considering different disturbances and parametric variations. In order to show the effectiveness of the proposed hybrid algorithm based multi‐stage Proportional Integrator Derivative controller, it is being compared with some conventional controllers like Integral (I), Proportional Integral (PI), and Proportional Integral and Derivative (PID) controller.

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In this research article, a novel approach is proposed by considering a modified equilibrium optimization (MEO) algorithm based “interval type‐2 fuzzy proportional integral derivative (IT2FPID) controller” for the load frequency control of the multi‐area hybrid power system. The performance of the modified algorithm is tested by comparing it with the standard EO algorithm considering various standard benchmark test functions. Further, the efficacy of the MEO algorithm is tried by planning an IT2FPID controller for frequency regulation of the said hybrid system. The supremacy of the MEO‐based IT2FPID controller is introduced by comparing its outcomes with MEO‐based T1FPID structure, MEO‐based conventional PID and EO‐based PID controller techniques. It is observed that the MEO‐based IT2FPID controller is more effective compared to others.

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