Large (A) and small (B) granules of wheat starch were separated and their morphological, thermal, structural and pasting properties were investigated. The pasting properties of starches from two wheat varieties showed significant differences. For wheat variety C-306, the unfractionated starch showed higher peak, trough, breakdown, final, and setback viscosities than the starch isolated from wheat variety WH-147. On the contrary, unfractionated starch of variety WH-147 has higher pasting temperature than the starch of the variety C-306. Differential scanning calorimetry results showed that unfractionated starch exhibited the higher gelatinization enthalpy, peak and conclusion temperatures than the isolated A- and B-starch granules from both the varieties. Scanning electron microscopy results revealed that large A-granules appeared to be smooth and displayed disk or lenticular shape having diameter 13-35 μm, while B-granules showed a spherical shape with diameter of 2-6 μm. The variations in structures and content would result in starch granules with different chemical and physical properties.

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Gingival displacement helps in recording the unprepared tooth surface adjacent to the finish line in the impression being made, thereby helping a better marginal adaptation and emergence profile in the extracoronal restoration.

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In Brassica oleracea , heterosis is the most efficient tool providing impetus to hybrid vegetable industry. In this context, we presented the first report on identifying superior heterotic crosses for yield and commercial traits in cauliflower involving cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) and doubled haploid (DH) lines as parents. We studied the suitability of genomic-SSRs and EST-SSRs based genetic distance (GD) and agronomic trait based phenotypic distance (PD) for predicting heterosis in F 1 hybrids using CMS and DH based parents. 120 F 1 hybrids derived from 20 Ogura based CMS lines and 6 DH based testers were evaluated for 16 agronomic traits along with the 26 parental lines and 4 commercial standard checks. The genomic-SSRs and EST-SSRs based genetic structure analysis grouped the 26 parental lines into 4 distinct clusters. The CMS lines Ogu118-6A, Ogu33A, Ogu34-1A were good general combiner for developing early maturity hybrids. The SCA effects were significantly associated with heterosis suggesting non-additive gene effects for the heterotic response of hybrids. Less than unity value of σ 2 A/D coupled with σ 2 gca /σ 2 sca indicated the predominance of non-additive gene action in the expression of studied traits. The correlation analysis of genetic distance with heterosis for commercial traits suggested that microsatellites based genetic distance estimates can be helpful in heterosis prediction to some extent.

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Abstarct The effects of oxalic acid (OA) and salicylic acid (SA) application were studied on the ripening behavior and post harvest shelf-life of tomato (Solanum lycopersicon L.) fruits. Green mature fruits of twenty cultivars were treated with OA (2, 3 and 4 mM) and SA (0.5, 0.75 and 1 mM), separately at 20°C for 15 min by dip method and double distilled as control. The most effective concentration for all cultivars was 3 mM OA and 0.75 mM SA, which prolonged the shelf life in comparison to control. It prolonged the shelf life by 4 days, while 0.75 mM SA prolonged the shelf life by 7 days with respect to control. Thus, SA has more potential than OA in regulation of tomato fruit ripening. Among 20 cultivars, the best results were found with Pusa Gaurav and Pusa Rohini on the basis of physical parameters such as maximum shelf life, lower weight loss percentage and ion leakage in comparison to control and other cultivars studied.