A new class of potential magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents with nanosized mesoporous silica as the metal carrier is reported. Gadolinium-incorporated mesoporous silicas were synthesized by using longchain surfactant as a template. The products were characterized with X-ray powder diffraction, nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, 29 Si-MAS NMR, and proton relaxivity. The materials showed much higher relaxivities, r 1 and r 2 , than Gd-DTPA. The particles are nanosized and can enter cells easily. This is a completely novel biomedical application of mesoporous silica materials.
Background Telehealth is a promising alternative to primary care delivery in provider shortage areas. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the implementation of the 4Ms (i.e., Medication, Mentation, Mobility, What Matters) framework in telehealth-based primary care in provider shortage areas by ethnic status. Methods This study was a retrospective analysis of 184 older adults (60+) representing 5% of the total sample at urban primary care in ethnically and racially diverse populations. Data were retrieved from July 2020 to September 2021. 14 trained primary care providers participated in this study and provided the 4Ms as following: 1) Medication (e.g., deprescribe or reduce high-risk Medication); 2) Mentation (e.g., depression and cognition assessment with brief counseling); 3) Mobility (e.g., mobility and home safety assessments); 4) What matters (e.g., advance care planning). The current study measured components of the 4Ms per telehealth visit by ethnic/race status (white vs. non-white). Results Overall, advance care planning (i.e., what matters) was the most discussed via telehealth (79%), followed by mobility (46.2%), Medication (16.8%), and Mentation (14.7%). To examine the disproportion of accessing telehealth by patients’ racial background, the independence test of chi-square showed that non-white populations were less likely to have access to telehealth than white patients (p = .02). Conclusion There was an ethnic and racial disparity in the 4M framework application via telehealth in an urban primary care clinic. To sustain telehealth for patients in a healthcare shortage, ethnically and culturally specific training is needed, and linguistically diverse curricula are recommended.
Financial literacy affects stock market participation, as well as individuals’ age, gender, income, and education level. However, measuring financial literacy is more appropriate to identify individuals with strong knowledge of finance rather than average individuals with general knowledge. This could be problematic to identify general participation of the stock market and investment as more individuals are now participating without having to have such knowledge. This study explored how individuals’ subjective financial skills and well-being affect investment participation by age. Overall, males are likely to participate more in both retirement and non-retirement investment. In between the boomer generation and younger group, the younger generation who reported participating in a non-retirement investment, such as stock market were having a higher score on subjective financial well-being (STDYX = .052, 95% CI [.07, .08]; p < .05). Importantly, among the older group, subjective financial skill score becomes a predictor of participating stock market (STDYX = .09, 95% CI [.01, .17]; p < .05). As the result suggest, while younger participants focus more on financial well-being, such as having security on finances, when they are participating in a non-retirement investment, whereas older adults are likely to invest based on their beliefs on financial skills regardless of secured finances. A retirement plan has shifted toward less on savings and more on investing. Older adults are now interested more in participating in investments, such as the stock market than the young population, and the proper preparedness for those older adults in participating in the investment is needed.
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