En este estudio desarrollamos un cuestionario sobre el saber del profesor de primaria en su conocimiento disciplinario de estadística y en su conocimiento para llevar a cabo la enseñanza de la estadística, centrado en el conocimiento del profesor en relación al saber estadístico del alumno y la enseñanza del contenido estadístico. Se incluyeron tres elementos de la educación estadística: comprensión gráfica, diferenciación de niveles cognitivos y comprensión generada al cambiar de sistemas de representación. La construcción de los ítems del cuestionario integró dichos elementos con los conocimientos sobre los errores y dificultades comunes de los alumnos en el aprendizaje de la Estadística y de la Probabilidad. El cuestionario considera un total de catorce ítems y fue aplicado a 85 profesores de educación primaria y a sus respectivos alumnos (de grados 4 y 7), pertenecientes a escuelas chilenas. El cuestionario posee validez de contenido otorgada por ocho expertos. Se presenta el cuestionario completo, y a partir de dos ítems se muestran los resultados de los profesores y de sus alumnos. Se propone al formador de profesores promover actividades de generación de ítems, para que los futuros profesores reflexionen sobre la enseñanza del contenido estadístico y construyan un conocimiento respecto al saber estadístico del alumno.
We conducted an exploratory study about the relationship between teachers' knowledge and fourth-grade students understanding, in the case of fractions. We studied the content knowledge (CK) and the pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) of 53 teachers and quantified their teaching experience, their mathematical preparation and the socioeconomic and academic background of the schools where the study was conducted. We applied one test at the beginning and one at the end of the school year to 1.532 students, identifying the gains and achievements of each group in the teachers' classrooms. The constructivist-oriented subcomponent of the teachers' CK showed a significant association with student learning, although it is less significant than the association with the teacher's experience. Socioeconomic factors were strongly associated with student achievement, confirming the strong divisions that characterize the chilean education system.
As part of an APEC educational project on the cross-cutting concept of energy, researchers and teachers from 6 countries spent 8 months designing, testing and implementing a pilot STEM public class with two schools from Chile and one from the US. One of the researchers taught a lesson from a school in Chile, with a live transmission to the other two schools via Skype. At the same time, the lesson was also broadcasted via videostreaming. In addition to live questions and answers, students used individual devices to answer four open-ended questions that were commented on by the reseacher as he received them. The experience demonstrated that Cross-Border Public Classes boost student engagement and represent a promising strategy for introducing a key 21st century skill: synchronous learning involving multiple teams across the world. It also revealed how Lesson Study and Public Classes integrated with ICT network technology can form a powerful learning ecosystem for regional development and social innovation.
PurposeThe purpose of this study was to examine the digital competence displayed by a primary school teacher who implemented an interdisciplinary cross-border lesson that was designed with the lesson study methodology and involved two countries: Brazil and Chile.Design/methodology/approachA qualitative methodology was adopted via the case study method through which the case of a sixth-grade Chilean teacher participating in the study was documented. The data were collected through a lesson plan, a videotape of the implemented lesson and a questionnaire. A professional digital competence framework for teachers provided an analytical perspective via data analysis.FindingsThe results show that the teacher displayed digital competence in a synchronous collaborative learning environment in which she had time to reflect on the educational value of technology and appropriate teaching methods involving information and communication technologies. Certain elements of the studied case contributed to this performance, namely the cross-border context, the classroom setting and the collaborative Lesson Study methodology.Practical implicationsThe lesson study methodology facilitated the teacher's performance in the “Pedagogy and didactics” digital competence by enabling her to participate in planning and implementing a lesson that allowed all those who collaborated, including teachers and researchers, to reflect on teaching in a digital learning environment.Social implicationsThe cross-border context, which involved co-designing and implementing a lesson in two countries, allowed the teacher to display her “School in society” and “Ethics” competencies. This was achieved through connecting two classrooms with different languages and cultures digitally and synchronously, thereby providing students the opportunity to debate and participate in a global and local problem such as a country's responsibility for energy consumption.Originality/valueModern society requires the transformation of school practices, and new teaching approaches should include the provision of collaborative spaces that incorporate digital technologies. In this sense, this paper shows that cross-border lessons involving a synchronous learning environment offer a potential alternative, as digital teaching competence enables teachers to bring together different social and cultural groups virtually, thereby contributing to the reduction of social gaps and to the promotion of positive identity among less advantaged students.
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