We describe the management of laryngotracheo-oesophageal cleft Type III using a bifurcated endobronchial tube. When the cleft was opened for repair, we were able to obtain effective control of the airway, which is the main problem in this rare congenital anomaly. Commercial tubes are not available, so we made the tube on the day of surgery, immediately before operation.
<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Aims and objectives of the study were to find incidence and causes for postoperative mastoid cavity problems after modified radical mastoidectomy.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The present prospective study was conducted in the Department of ENT, SMGS Hospital, GMC Jammu from September 2017 to February 2020 on 25 patients with active squamosal chronic otitis media. All patients underwent modified radical mastoidectomy after taking written and informed consent. A period of 3 months postoperatively was taken as a healing time for complete epitheliasation of cavity. Any patient presenting with symptoms beyond this period was considered a cavity problem case.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Out of 25 patients, 9 patients had cavity problems, the incidence of cavity problem being 36%. Perforation in tympanic membrane was seen in 7 patients (77%) and high facial ridge in 2 patients (22%). There was no case of narrow meatoplasty in our study.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Incidence of mastoid cavity problems can be reduced if the open cavity procedures are executed adequately.</p>
Lung cancer is the major cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide owing to its late-stage detection and aggressive behavior. Epidemiologically, several genetic and epigenetic factors contribute to the development of lung cancer. Angiogenesis, a critical process in tumor progression has become an important target for anti-cancer therapy particularly in lung cancer. Besides commercially available angiogenic inhibitors, numerous anti-angiogenic therapies have been developed to limit tumor growth, although, most of them have not proved beneficial in terms of long-term survival. Despite, logical advances in treatment strategies, NSCLC still remains a major health concern due to poor prognosis of the diseases state. This calls for a comprehensive analysis of signaling processes governing tumor angiogenesis and treatment options available thereof for development of a sustainable strategy to control cancer. In this review, several aspects of lung cancer have been discussed starting from its pathological characterization to the development of modern therapeutics.
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