HMG-CoA reductase merupakan enzim yang dapat memetabolisme kolesterol. Tahapan dalam biosintesis kolesterol yaitu sintesis asam mevalonat dari acetil-CoA, pembentukan isoprenoid, pembentukan skualen dan sintesis kolesterol. Simvastatin dikenal sebagai HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (3-hydroxy-3methylglutary co-enzym A), menyebabkan pengurangan tidak hanya kolestrol tetapi juga berbagai metabolit antara yaitu pembentukan isoprenoid yang merupakan kunci dalam sinyal seluler dan pengendalian fungsi sel. Hambatan isoprenoid ini dapat menurunkan aktivasi Nf-kB melalui jalur Rho/ROCK dari isoprenoid antara jalur biosintesis kolesterol yang merupakan respon seluler pembentuk sitokin pro inflamasi. Hal tersebut yang membuat Simvastatin dapat bekerja pada non lipid dependent effect yaitu efek pleiotropik sebagai antiinflamasi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menganalisa efek pleiotropik Simvastatin sebagai antiinflamasi pada tikus putih. Desain penelitian yaitu penelitian experimental post test only control desaign dengan menggunakan lima kelompok uji yaitu kelompok kontrol negatif, kontrol positif, dan kelompok perlakuan yang terbagi menjadi tiga dosis perlakuan pada masing-masing obat. Efektivitas antiinflamasi dilakukan dengan metode induksi karagenan 1% intraplantar yang dilihat efek inhibisi inflamasinya selama 9 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan persen inhibisi inflamasi pada simvastatin dosis 1,8mg/KgBB; dosis 3,6mg/KgBB; dosis 7,2mg/kgBB yaitu 79,92%; 89,05% dan 79,92%. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor simvastatin memiliki efek pleiotropik antiinflamasi pada tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus) yang signifikan (p=0,019).
Cayenne pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.) is a plant that has many benefits, one of which is as an anti-inflammatory. The anti-inflammatory effect of cayenne pepper was tested on white rats in the form of a gel. Two gel formulas were used with different concentrations of propylene glycol as additive, 25% and 30%, respectively. White rats were grouped into 4 groups, negative control group (gel base), positive control group (Voltaren® Emulgel), gel formula 1 group (enhancer 25%), and gel formula 2 (enhancer 30%). Albumen was induced on the backs of white rats then samples were given. Skinfold thickness measurements were taken every 1 hour for 6 hours. The data obtained in the form of skin thickness values (mm). The % Inflammation Inhibition (% PI) was calculated for each sample. Formula 1 and Formula 2 gave %PI of 32.58 ± 1.80 and 40.75 ± 5.71, respectively. Both formulas had an anti-inflammatory effect against edema on the back of rats although not better than Voltaren® Emulgel. Based on One Way ANOVA test, Formula 2 has a better anti-inflammatory effect than Formula 1. LSD test results show that %PI Formula 2 is similar to %PI Voltaren® Emulgel with a significance value of 0.117 (>0.05).
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