BackgroundClinical studies have demonstrated that adipocytokines play an important role in developing atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases.ObjectiveThe aim of study was to evaluate the relationship between serum resistin and leptin levels with obesity and coronary artery disease (CAD).MethodsIn a cross-sectional study, we assessed the levels of serum resistin and leptin, C-reactive protein (CRP), lipid profile and cardiac enzyme tests (AST, CPK, LDH, CK-MB) in 40 CAD patients compared to 40 healthy controls. Anthropometric measurements including weight and height for calculating of body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference (WC) were performed for evaluation of obesity.ResultsCAD patients had increased levels of leptin and CRP, (p < 0.001), cholesterol (p < 0.05), triglyceride (p < 0.01), and WC (p < 0.05) compared to healthy controls. There was no statistical difference between CAD and control subjects for resistin (p = 0.058). In a multiple regression analysis, only an association between serum leptin with BMI (β = 0.480, p < 0.05) and WC (β = 1.386, p < 0.05) was found.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that leptin is a better marker of fat mass value than resistin and may be considered an independent risk factor for cardiac disorders that is largely dependent on obesity. However, further prospective studies are needed to confirm these results.