Cervical cancer (CC) is a public health problem with a high disease burden and mortality in developing countries. In Brazil, areas with low human development index have the highest incidence rates of Brazil and upward temporal trend for this disease. The Northeast region has the second highest incidence of cervical cancer (20.47 new cases / 100,000 women). In this region, the mortality rates are similar to rates in countries that do not have a health system with a universal access screening program, as in Brazil. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the effects of age, period and birth cohorts on mortality from cervical cancer in the Northeast region of Brazil. Estimable functions predicted the effects of age, period and birth cohort. The average mortality rate was 10.35 deaths per 100,000 women during the period analyzed (1980-2014). The highest mortality rate per 100,000 women was observed in Maranhão (24.39 deaths), and the lowest mortality rate was observed in Bahia (11.24 deaths). According to the period effects, only the state of Rio Grande do Norte showed a reduction in mortality risk in the five years of the 2000s. There was a reduction in mortality risk for birth cohorts of women after the 1950s, except in Maranhão State, which showed an increasing trend in mortality risk for younger generations. We found that the high rates of cervical cancer mortality in the states of northeastern Brazil remain constant over time. Even after an increase in access to health services in the 2000s, associated with increased access to the cancer care network, which includes early detection (Pap Test), cervical cancer treatment and palliative care. However, it is important to note that the decreased risk of death and the mortality rates from CC among women born after the 1960s may be correlated with increased screening coverage, as well as increased access to health services for cancer treatment observed in younger women.

Padrões de consumo de álcool e fatores associados entre adultos usuários de serviço de atenção básica do Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BrasilPatterns of alcohol consumption and associated factors among adult users of primary health care services of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Objective: to investigate the incidence of pressure injury in cancer patients of an intensive care unit. Method: A longitudinal study with 105 patients admitted to an oncological intensive care unit. The incidence rate was calculated as the number of events per 100 patient-days. Cumulative incidence was calculated both globally and according to selected characteristics, and submitted to hypothesis tests. Results: incidence rate per 100 patient-days was 1.32, and global cumulative incidence was 29.5%. A higher incidence was observed in patients with chronic diseases who had at least one episode of diarrhea, received enteral nutrition, and took vasoactive or sedative drugs for a prolonged period of time. Regarding type of tumour and antineoplastic treatments, no differences in incidence were observed. Conclusion: A high cumulative global incidence of pressure lesion was reported in cancer patients admitted to the intensive care unit, although tumour characteristics and antineoplastic treatments did not affect incidence.

Resumo Este estudo transversal investigou a prevalência e os fatores associados ao diagnóstico de câncer de mama em estágio avançado entre 18.890 mulheres assistidas em hospital especializado da capital do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, entre os anos 1999 e 2016. Utilizou-se regressão de Poisson com variância robusta para estimar razões de prevalência e respectivos intervalos de 95% de confiança. Apresentaram maiores prevalências de diagnóstico nessa condição mulheres com idade entre 20-39 e 40-49 anos, de raça/cor da pele preta e parda, que viviam sem companheiro(a), procedentes de outros municípios do estado do Rio de Janeiro, que tiveram o Sistema Único de Saúde como origem do encaminhamento e que foram diagnosticadas nos sexênios 1999-2004 e 2005-2010. Em contrapartida, mulheres com idade entre 60-69 e 70-99 anos, que cursaram algum nível de escolaridade, com histórico familiar de câncer e que chegaram ao hospital com diagnóstico e sem tratamento apresentaram menores prevalências de diagnóstico em estágio avançado. Esses resultados podem ser considerados no planejamento de ações de prevenção secundária, a fim de antecipar o diagnóstico de câncer de mama dos grupos mais vulneráveis e assim colaborar para a redução da prevalência do diagnóstico em estágio avançado.

(OR = 23.26;