Dry diets containing either fish meal (C-FM) or dried fermented fish silage and soybean meal blend (l:l,ww-') (C-FS) as the sole protein source, were fed to triplicate groups of juvenile Clarias gariepinus (10.8 5 0.3 g) at 5% body weight per day for 70 days.Catfish fed the C-FS diet showed reduced (P < 0.05) growth rate, feed conversion, protein eficiency and digestibility. Lower amounts of available amino acids in the C-FS diet resulted in inferior nutritive value for catfish growth than in the C-FM diet. Postprandial changes in plasma amino acids showed similar patterns in both diet treatments, but the maximal mean levels attained for the C-FS diet were correspondingly lower and occurred earlier than with the C-FM diet. There wcre no effects of feeding C-FS diet on the hepatosomatic index but carcass analysis showed that body protein deposition was lower (P < 0.05). Differences in haematocrit, haemoglobin content and liver histology were demonstrated but were not pathological. Lower digestible energy of C-FS diet also contributed to the poor performance of catfish in this treatment. Results of this study indicate that C. gariepinus cannot metabolize protein from co-dried fish silage as efficiently as fish meal protein when used as the sole dietary protein.

Major and some minor constituents were determined for a series of fresh pineapple juices. Results Include: soluble solids 11.2-16.2 g/100 g, acidity (reported as citric acid) 0.46-1.21 g citric acid/100 mL, fructose 1.72-4.75 g/100 mL, glucose 1.21-4.52 g/100 mL, sucrose 2.47-9.73 g/100 mL, citric acid 0.439-1.151 g/100 mL, malic acid 0.073- 0.391, Isocltrlc acid 80-265 mg/L, potassium 830- 1410 mg/L, formol value 0.74-1.69 meq/100 mL, proline 11-44 mg/L, and carbon isotope ratio 13.5- 11.2%o PDB. Use of these compositional values In the detection of adulterated pineapple juice is discussed.

Carbon stable isotope ratio analysis (SIRA) has been applied to detect adulteration of apple, orange, honey, and other products with cane or corn sugars. We analyzed numerous other fruits to determine the applicability of carbon SIRA to detecting adulteration in these fruits as well. The results indicate that the use of carbon SIRA may be generalized to most fruits of commercial importance.