Abstract. Growing market globalization, increasing global competition, more complex products results in application of new technologies, methods and business processes -due to the abovementioned tendencies novel supply chain strategies (Lean, Agile and Leagile Supply Chains) are established. In this study these supply chain concepts are being described and compared. Virtual enterprise is a temporary alliance of enterprises that come together to share their skills, core competencies, costs and resources in order to better respond to rapidly changing market environment and dynamic customer demands. Economic and social benefits and effects of virtual enterprises for customers and production companies and service providers are also described. Optimization software has been developed for optimal formation of virtual enterprise networks and is also introduced in this study. The aim of this software application is to define virtual enterprise as the optimal combination of supply chain members.
ABSTRACT. This paper analyzes and explores the perception of the relevant subjects on impact degree of the five negative factors: a) path dependence -inherited crisis factors in socialism, b) globalization of geopolitics and geo-economics, c) the responsibilities of governing structures, d) deficit of realistic and pluralistic institutional changes, and e) neoliberal economic policies at the level of the transition crisis in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, and Montenegro. The aim is to determine the perceptions of respondents about the individual and the overall impact of selected factors on the transitional crisis. It starts from the hypothesis that in the transitional period all these countries had an increased level of socio-economic turmoil with dominating negative impact of the above mentioned factors. The conclusion is that overcoming the crisis requires consistent implementation of many social changes and economic reforms, which will induce the reduction and/or neutralization of all explored negative factors of influence, regardless of the expressed perception of their importance. The starting hypothesis has been fully proven using the multi linear regression analysis and a multiple hierarchical regression analysis.
The subject of this paper is to point out phenomenologically the causes of the evident decline in the quality of higher education in the selected countries of the Southeast Europe: Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H), Montenegro (MNE) and Serbia (SER). The aim of this research is comparing respondents' perceptions in the above countries regarding the basic and general causes of decline in higher education levels, which is generated by massive negative (braking) processes and tendencies. It starts with the hypothesis that most problems in higher education of the considered countries originate for two reasons: application of the political principle of the voting machine and selective application of the so-called "Bologna Process" in the field of higher education. The multiple regression linear approach is methodologically applied to the sample of 210 respondents in the three countries mentioned above. The results have confirmed the validity of the hypothesis and, consequently, the need for significant educational reforms in the part of the independent variables, which would lead to an increase in the quality of higher education.
The subject of this research is to analyze a number of factors that impact the quality of public finances in the selected post-socialist South East countries (SEE). In the theoretical part of the paper we have selected and analyzed the factors (variables). The following key factors of influence (as independent variables) were included: socialist heritage, politicization as an abuse of macroeconomic policies, instability of institutional environment, human capital deficits in the area of public finances, and financial accountability deficits.In the quantitative part, the level of selected factors was assessed on the quality level of public finances in the observed countries. The hypothesis was that the factors selected had a very significant impact on the quality of public finances.Mathematical model based on multiple linear regression analysis was created in order to explain the functional relationship between the dependent variable: the quality level of public finances and the selected independent variables. The goal is to estimate the expected mean of the dependent variable (Y) based on individual estimates of the respondents.Regarding the respondent's perception, the Likert scale (1.0, 0.5, 1. 0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, 4.5, 5,0) was used, where 1.0 indicates the lowest impact and 5.0 indicates the highest impact. Based on their best knowledge, experience, and (or) intuition, the respondents were asked to assess the dependent variable in the model and independent variables. The empirical data obtained, qualitative and quantitative, have confirmed the hypothesis.
Successful development of electronic banking is in direct correlation with the quality of services in electronic banking. Therefore, it is necessary that the banks are familiar with the attributes of electronic services on which clients assess the bank’s quality and client’s satisfaction with them, in order to be able to monitor, correct and improve the performance of electronic banking. We start from the hypothesis that there are already developed theoretical models for measuring the quality of e-banking services but they must be adjusted to the specific environment that is analysed in order to obtain reliable and quality information. The qualitative and quantitative research methods are applied in this paper in order to a get adjusted theoretical model (instrument) for measuring the quality of electronic banking services. As a result of the conducted analysis, the initial theoretical model has been modified, so that the final version of the model (instrument) for measuring quality of online banking allows obtaining reliable data, and information in the particular environment. And the results are: significant information about the quality of e-banking, modified theoretical model, information about the dimensions of quality of e-banking, customer satisfaction, and pathways and guidelines for the improvement of e-banking. The measuring of quality of electronic banking services in not one time activity but repeated one, as permanent monitoring strategy. This research is widely applicable even though it was conducted in the context of Montenegrin e-banking, since most of the banks in Montenegro are owned by well-known European banks, and it is expected that the obtained knowledge and information can be generalized.
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