Interpersonal process recall (IPR) interviewing uses video-assisted recall to access conscious yet unspoken experiences in professional caregiving interactions. Although IPR has been employed across the helping professions, little has been written about effectively conducting IPR interviews. Drawing on their IPR-based counseling research on hope, the authors provide a framework for the use of IPR interview strategies and for addressing challenges unique to IPR. Specific issues include (a) preparing the research team and setting, (b) issues specific to IPR interviewing, including framing IPR questions, (c) working with heightened emotion, and (d) negotiating professional/researcher roles. Finally, they discuss participant experiences and potential applications of IPR.

Hope enables individuals to envision a future in which they wish to participate (Jevne, 1994) and is foundational to counseling practice. However, there has been little research examining client accounts of hope in session. Using basic interpretive inquiry, this case study examines clients' accounts of hope during counseling using video‐assisted recall. Three categories emerged: hope‐fostering counseling relationship, supportive identity development, and perspective change. Implications for counseling are discussed.

Hope is recognized as one of four key factors contributing to psychotherapeutic change across a variety theoretical approaches (Hubble, Duncan, & Miller, 1999), especially early in the psychotherapeutic sequence. To date little research has looked at how hope is translated into specific practices by psychotherapists during psychotherapy sessions. This case study employed basic interpretive inquiry (Merriam, 1998) to explore the hope-focused practices of five hopeeducated psychotherapists with 11 clients early in the therapy sequence. Two categories characterize the overall findings, that is, implicit and explicit hopefocused practices. This first paper in a two-part research report focuses on implicit hope-focused interventions. Implicit hope-focused interventions were those practices identified by therapists as addressing client hope without employing the word hope explicitly. Implicit hope practices addressed two key aspects of therapy, (a) attending to therapeutic relationship, and (b) fostering client perspective change. The second paper in this series examines findings regarding explicit hope-focused interventions.

An avalanche of research on hope over the last 30 years consistently points to the benefits of hope in living and human change processes. Common factors models name hope as one of four key factors accounting for client change across psychotherapeutic models. While research provides evidence for the importance of hope, little research examines how hope is understood and practiced. This paper, the second in a two-part series, examines hope-focused interventions of 5 hope-educated psychotherapists with 11 clients early in the therapy sequence. Two categories characterized the overall findings: implicit and explicit hopefocused interventions. The first paper in this series addressed implicit hopefocused interventions. This second paper focuses on explicit hope-focused interventions (i.e., using the word hope, hoping, etc.). Explicit use of hope in therapy was found to address: (a) multiple dimensions of hope (i.e., cognitive, behavioral, emotional, relational); (b) psychoeducational hope interventions; and (c) framing problems as threats to hope.

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