The building of multivariate calibration models using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR) and partial least squares (PLS) to estimate the lignin content in different parts of sugarcane genotypes is presented. Laboratory analyses were performed to determine the lignin content using the Klason method. The independent variables were obtained from different materials: dry bagasse, bagasse-with-juice, leaf, and stalk. The NIR spectra in the range of 10 000-4000 cm were obtained directly for each material. The models were built using PLS regression, and different algorithms for variable selection were tested and compared: iPLS, biPLS, genetic algorithm (GA), and the ordered predictors selection method (OPS). The best models were obtained by feature selection with the OPS algorithm. The values of the root mean square error prediction (RMSEP), correlation of prediction ( R), and ratio of performance to deviation (RPD) were, respectively, for dry bagasse equal to 0.85, 0.97, and 2.87; for bagasse-with-juice equal to 0.65, 0.94, and 2.77; for leaf equal to 0.58, 0.96, and 2.56; for the middle stalk equal to 0.61, 0.95, and 3.24; and for the top stalk equal to 0.58, 0.96, and 2.34. The OPS algorithm selected fewer variables, with greater predictive capacity. All the models are reliable, with high accuracy for predicting lignin in sugarcane, and significantly reduce the time to perform the analysis, the cost and the chemical reagent consumption, thus optimizing the entire process. In general, the future application of these models will have a positive impact on the biofuels industry, where there is a need for rapid decision-making regarding clone production and genetic breeding program.
Core Ideas The results presented the possibility of selection of energy cane clones. Develop energy cane clones with high fiber contents, involving Saccharum spontaneum accesses. We found clones with high fiber content and high sucrose levels. Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) is a crop with a high potential for biomass production. Sugarcane residue and bagasse can be used in the production of ethanol and electricity. The genetic breeding program of the Inter‐University Network for the Development of the Sugarcane Industry (RIDESA) initiated a hybridization program that includes species of the Saccharum complex. The objective of this study was to evaluate the genetic diversity in selected segregating populations, select the best families and clones, and identify potential parents for inclusion in the next phase of the energy cane breeding program to develop energy cane cultivars. In the present study, 50 full‐sib families and 15 half‐sib families were crossed. The traits evaluated were: the mean number of stalks per plant (NS), the mean stalk weight, fiber content, % (FIB%), and sucrose content, % (SC%). The industrial traits evaluated were: tonnes of cane per hectare (TCH), tonnes of fiber per hectare (TFH), and tonnes of sucrose per hectare (TSH). The best‐performing parents were RB867515, RB93509, Co285, B70710, MEX68‐200, IM76‐228, and IM76‐229. The heritability (0.49–0.91) and accuracy values (0.70–0.95) for the parameters TCH, FIB, and SC indicated that the predicted genotypic means and observed values were highly correlated, which enabled the efficient selection of the best energy cane families. The genetic variability in the segregating populations and the identification of clones with valuable traits indicate the possibility of using superior genotypes in new crosses and future hybridizations and developing new strategies to evaluate and select energy cane families.
RESUMOA micropropagação de bananeira (Musa spp.) via ápices caulinares já está bem estabelecida para diversas cultivares. Entretanto, podem ser feitos aperfeiçoamentos nos protocolos visando a obtenção de mudas mais vigorosas. Objetivou-se, neste trabalho, verificar a adição de nitrogênio na forma de uréia em diferentes concentrações (0, 100, 200, 400 e 800 mg L -1 ), no alongamento e enraizamento de brotos das cultivares Grande Naine, Prata Anã, Maçã e Nanicão. Houve efeito positivo da uréia no crescimento dos explantes, na produção de raízes e de massa seca para a cultivar Maçã, até 200 mg L -1 de uréia. As cultivares Prata Anã e Grande Naine não foram beneficiadas com a adição de uréia, e a concentração de 800 mg L -1 gerou morte das microplantas dessas cultivares e da cultivar Maçã. 'Nanicão' foi mais tolerante às altas concentrações de uréia, e a concentração de 800 mg L -1 foi ótima para seu desenvolvimento. Além disso, a uréia induziu brotações em 'Nanicão' nas concentrações mais baixas.Termos para indexação: Musa spp., cultura de tecidos, fonte de nitrogênio. ABSTRACTBanana (Musa spp.) micropropagation via shoot tips has already been established for many cultivars. However, protocol adjustments aiming to obtain more vigorous plants can be made. The aim of this work was to verify the nitrogen addition in the form of urea on different concentrations (0, 100, 200, 400 and 800 mg L -1 ) on shoot growth and rooting of Grande Naine, Prata Anã, Maçã and Nanicão cultivars. There was a positive urea effect on Maçã shoot growth, dry matter production and rooting up to 200 mg L -1 concentrations. Prata Anã and Grande Naine cultivars were not benefited by urea addition, while 800 mg L -1 concentration lead to death of microplants. However, Nanicão cultivar was more tolerant to higher urea concentrations, and 800 mg L -1 was optimal for its development. Moreover, urea induced shoot growth on 'Nanicão' at lower concentrations.
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