In the new and evolving digitalized world, the cybersecurity threats have placed the assets and information of corporations, institutions, governments, and individuals at constant risk. Banks are not an exception. Offering the low-interest rate is becoming the fundamental strategic move of the banks to sustain. Due to the high demand for a tailored portfolio of financial products, the availability of sophisticated communication and advance transaction mechanisms lead to an emergence of a new type of competitor known as financial technology service (i.e., fintech). The collaboration between these fintech organizations and banks has recently increased to provide fine-tuned service to the consumer and satisfy emerging market needs. However, this collaboration between banks and fintech firms has triggered significant cybersecurity risk. Hence, the dilemma is whether the bank should embrace such collaboration to resuscitate the profit margin or be pragmatic, and shirk to eliminate sustainability risk? We argue that the alliance between bank and fintech firms triggers a high-level of cybersecurity risk. We propose a theoretical model and discuss various types of cybersecurity risks. The benefit (or cost-if any) of having alliance could be enormous in yielding profitability and increase sustainability if both fintech and banks collaboratively abate the cybersecurity risks.
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine and explain the complex interrelationships which influence the performance of politically connected firms to create value for their providers of finance and other stakeholders. In doing so, it examines the interrelationships between efficiency and delivering on corporate performance of a firm with political ties.Design/methodology/approachThe authors gathered the literature from the Scopus website. They reviewed the literature of 58 manuscripts about the efficiency and performance of politically connected firms.FindingsThe research finds that the better quality of efficiency of politically connected firms is positively related to the corporate performance of politically connected firms. The authors’ theoretical findings corroborate the political theory, agency theory, stakeholder theory, resource dependency theory and stewardship theory. These theories prove that political connections have an impact on firm performance as a politician reinforces the efficacy. To better understand the effect of political connections on solid performance due to efficiency, this study classifies various efficiencies and links them with political ties.Research limitations/implicationsSeveral avenues of research are suggested to examine further the interrelationships identified.Practical implicationsThe authors’ conceptual findings are valuable for institutional investors, policymakers and stakeholders. To sum up, all theoretical shreds of evidence prove that politically connected firms can enhance performance via efficiency.Originality/valueThe paper conceptualizes the efficiency and performance interrelationships of politically connected firms. The extant literature comparison allows an assessment of the extent to which different efficiency contexts lead to differences in performance.
The main objective of this paper is to find out the impact of impact of foreign direct investment on the economic growth of Pakistan and Armenia. For this purpose, we have used the secondary data .our study is showing that the foreign direct investment level is increasing in some countries and decreasing in some countries due to terrorism. In 1992, the level of foreign direct investment in Pakistan were 258.44 US $ at the same time there were foreign direct investment were low in Armenia. In the year of 2007, the level of foreign direct investment were 4374 $US$ and at the same year the inflows of foreign direct investment in Armenia were 299US$. Our paper is trying to show that education, power sector and telecom are known as the most profitable sector .the basic aim of this paper is that to show that foreign direct investment has the crucial role for the development of welfare of society.
The purpose of this paper to analysis the impact of crude oil on the stock exchange of Pakistan. For this purpose, we have taken the data feom15 years and applied the Karl Pearson's Coefficient of Correlation and taken the results that decrease the value of crude oil have negative impact on the stock exchange of Pakistan. This paper is trying to show that in all over the world oil is known as the more crucial source of energy. Oil prices are known as the biggest need of every country due to this reason prices brings effect on the performance of the country. Now the days the prices of oil as important as the gold prices. The world largest commodity market is known as the crude market. Our paper is also showing that increase in the prices of crude oil is the reason of inflation.
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