Background:As one of the most devastating complication in diabetes mellitus
Background: Chronic vein diseases are quite common and its prevalence is also quite high in community. One of the risk factors is occupation with prolonged standing. Quality of life and work efficacy may become risk factors. This disease has not received any special consideration and response. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study performed on nurses working in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung (n=98; women=76, men=22). The study was conducted in November 2012 through collecting data on prevalence, risk factors, and clinical symptoms by using questionnaire. Chronic venous disease was observed by direct inspection in lower extremities. Diagnosis was concluded according to the Clinical Etiology Anatomy Pathophysiological criteria. Results: There was a high frequency, i.e. 86.7% (n=71), of chronic venous disease among nurses, with the age group of 20-29 years old (34.1%) as the age group that was mostly affected. Among female nurses, almost all of them experienced the disease (93.4%; n=71). Clinical symptoms felt by most nurses were heavy feeling on legs (82.3%) and cramps (55.3%). Conclusion: The frequency of chronic venous disease among nurses is high, 86.7% and almost all of the female nurses suffer from the disease. The high frequency in females could be caused by risk factors such as parity and hormonal contraception. Those who are mostly affected by the disease are within range of age 20-29 years old of age. Heavy legs and cramps are the most frequent clinical symptoms felt.
Background: Schizophrenia is a severe and chronic mental disorder that needs a long term treatment and social support. This condition may results in burden and disturbance in the family and society A number of studies have investigated some environmental factors that may potentially lead to schizophrenia. One of many suspected environmental factors is place of born or grew up. This study was conducted to investigate association between place of born or grew up and age of onset of schizophrenia. Methods: This analytical study using cross-sectional method was conducted by retrieving data from 72 medical records of hospitalized schizophrenic patients in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital from OctoberNovember 2013. The variables in this study were age of onset and place (urban or rural) where the patients born or grew-up.The collected data were analyzed using Chi-Square statistical test. Results: This study discovered that 75% of subjects were born or grew up in urban area, 68% of subjects had age of onset at 20-40 years and there was no association between place of born or grew up and age of onset of schizophrenia (p-value was 0.108). Conclusions: More than half subjects were born and grew up in urban, who had age of onset of schizophrenia at 20-40 years and there is no significant association between place of born or grew up and age of onset of schizophrenia.
Background: Both substance use and anxiety-depression spectrum are the problem that currently faced by adolescents especially among Senior High School students. Moreover, there is a high comorbidity between both problems. This study was conducted to discover the substance use's prevalence and to find out anxietydepression spectrum proportion among adolescent, and more importantly to determine whether there is correlation between both variables. Methods:During October-November 2013, four hundred and fifty two students from five Senior High Schools located in Karees Sub-District, Bandung were included in this cross-sectional analytic study. Among whom, only 425 students filled the questionnaire properly. Data were collected using Kessler-10 (K10) to explore anxiety-depression spectrum and addiction severity index lite version (ASI-Lite) to identify substance use. The correlation between both variables was analyzed by Gamma correlation test. Results: The study revealed that there were 93 (21.9%) students that used substance. In addition, there were 244 students (57.4%) that screened as having anxiety-depression spectrum. Statistical analysis, according to Gamma correlation test, showed that there was a weak correlation between alcohol use and anxiety-depression spectrum (p=0.041; r=0.316). The remaining substances gave no statistically significant result (p>0.05). Conclusions: There is a high prevalence in substance use and psychological distress in anxiety-depression spectrum among high school student. In addition, alcohol is the only substances that correlated with anxietydepression spectrum.
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