This paper presents an approach to evaluate the smoothing effect of wind power generators on power system operation based on actual wind output data in Tohoku area in Japan. Conventional LFC (Load Frequency Control) model is used and the effect of the smoothing effect on frequency control is evaluated. For evaluating the smoothing effect, spectral analysis and integration of each frequency of wind outputs are utilized. In this study, the smoothing effect in multi areas is evaluated and the decrease of the power spectrum density of individual wind generator is confirmed by comparing with the density of integrated wind generators in wide areas. Moreover, we assume many wind generators are connected to power systems, and analyze the smoothing effect of integrating wind power generators on power system operation. By using this multigenerator model, the influence of generator integration on the LFC is evaluated by investigating the change of frequency deviations. In addition, a method to suppress the frequency deviation caused by wind power fluctuations is proposed with control of batteries equipped in Electric Vehicles (EVs)' in the power system model consists of wind generators and EVs.
The paper first describes the mechanism of the inadequate motion of a transformer's tap changer. We then outline the original fuzzy expert AVQC automatic Voltage and Reactive control) method in use at Tohoku Electric Power Company. We propose improved fuzzy expert and neural network methods to prevent unnecessary tap changer actions. In order to validate the improved method, simulations of tap changer behavior under various operating conditions were conducted. The results of the simulations and analyses are also presented. In the last section, we briefly recommend prudence in utilizing on-load tap changers under critical operating conditions in terms of transient stability of a power system. Index Term ---Voltage and reactive power control, Power system control, Fuzzy expert, Neural network control and BP algorithm, Power systems analysis I. LNTRODUCTION Voltage and reactive power control facilities, such as static condensers, shunt reactors, and SVR (Static Voltage Regulator) for EHV and UHV power systems, are not only expensive, but also limited in terms of available control capability. The control of voltage and reactive control of EHV and UHV bulk power transmission networks depend on the control capacity of large-scale generator units and on-load tap changers of transformers at EHV or UHV substations. In Tohoku Electric Power Company, all step-up transformers of large generating units at thermal and nuclear power stations have been equipped with on-load tap changers since 1968. The tap changers are locally operated by the conventional AVQC system. T. Minakawa and E. Monma are with the
Wind power generation using an unlimited, natural energy is getting an attention regarding environment issues in recent years, and the installed capacity of wind power generation system is increasing at a rapid pace, [1] Resulting in deterioration of power quality especially frequency and voltage. This fact will be a big problem to restrict large capacity of wind farm. This paper proposes a new frequency converter: rotary frequency converter (RFC) to moderate the electric output from wind generation, which is to be installed between a set of wind generators and a grid, providing a smoothed electric output, promoting the wind power generation introduction. This mainly consists of a synchronous machine and the adjustable-speed machine. Independent controls of input/output voltage, active power, and reactive power offer electrical separation between the two networks. Experimental study of prototype model and its characteristics, especially dynamic control is discussed in this paper.
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