A mathematical model is presented to describe the electromagnetic, heat flow, and fluid flow phenomena within a nontransferred arc plasma torch and in the resultant plume. In the development of the model allowance is made for the conservation of mass, momentum, thermal energy, and the continuity of the current. An important, novel feature of the model is that it can predict both the pattern of heat generation within the torch and the electromagnetic forces, thus providing a fundamental basis for predicting plume behavior. Specific calculations are presented for a pure argon system (i.e., an argon plasma discharging into an argon environment), operating in a laminar mode, and the theoretical predictions appear to be in quite good agreement with experimental measurements. An important finding of the work is that the electromagnetic forces may markedly modify the velocity profiles and may significantly affect the swirl of the plasma gas exiting the torch. In addition, swirl is shown to have a significant affect on the behavior of the arc and thus affects the resulting plume.
Synthesis of aluminum nitride films by plasma immersion ion implantation-deposition using hybrid gas-metal cathodic arc gun Rev. Sci. Instrum. 75, 719 (2004); 10.1063/1.1646741Modeling of temperature field and solidified surface profile during gas-metal arc fillet welding Welding of ship structural steel A36 using a Nd:YAG laser and gas-metal arc welding Analysis of arc pressure effect on metal transfer in gasmetal arc welding A mathematical model has been developed describing transport phenomena in gas-metal arc welding. In the statement of the model a cylindrical electrode was considered and attention was concentrated on representing the electrodynamic, heat-transfer, and fluid-flow phenomena in the plasma column. Solutions were generated for the axisymmetric Maxwell's equations, Navier-Stokes equations, and thermal-energy balance equation for variable properties. The specific system considered involved the use of an aluminum electrode and argon as the shielding gas. Several current levels were explored and the theoretical predictions of temperatures were found to be in good agreement with spectroscopically measured temperatures. This appears to have been the first time that gas-metal arc-welding problems were treated in such a fundamental manner.5998
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