Introduction: Both positive and risky health behaviours among adolescents are of paramount importance as they often pathway further lifestyles and determine future health
outcomes. The paper focuses on the trends of health promotion activities and health risks among adolescents who have been instructed on these topics at secondary schools.
The aim: to detect trends in pro-active health behaviour and risk taking activities of Ukrainian adolescents in the last 14 years.
Materials and methods: males and females, aged 15-17, who studied in secondary schools of the urban area of Vinnytsia city, Ukraine, in the years 2003, 2013, 2017,
anonymously filled in the 118-item questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, Cochran Q test, Spearman correlation analysis, Kendall’s tau coefficient were used to analyze the data.
Results: Overall, the data about health related issues obtained in the year 2003 vary significantly from the years 2013 and 2017, which indicates some beneficial influence that
has taken place since 2003. Much fewer differences were spotted between the years 2013 and 2017. Health related behaviours in females showed less significant dynamics
and some changes indicate regression, while males reported multiple improved results. Meanwhile actual numbers of males who opted for risky behaviours were higher than
those of females. Significant relationships were found between some socio-economic factors, positive health behaviours (sufficient sleep, physical activity, daily regime, and
life satisfaction) and proactive health choices.
Conclusions: The available data suggests that there was a beneficial health-related influence on the schoolchildren over the years 2003-2017. Our findings also support the
view that certain assets may protect the youth from risk-taking behaviours.
Objective. The objective of the scientific work was to study the leading components of the individual concept of health in the context of the formation of the health-preserving competence of girls and boys and to determine the levels of its formation.Materials and research methods. Research was conducted on the basis of a number of secondary education institutions in Vinnytsia. The material for the analysis was the data of hygienic, medical and sociological (questionnaires and interviews), psychophysiological and psychodiagnostic surveys, which were conducted among adolescents aged 14-17 from 2003 to 2020. Statistic processing of the results was done by the means of Student's test for independent samples and Cochran's Q test and correlation analysis (Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients).Results. The individual concept of health is a complex cognitive-reflective and emotionalevaluative formation based on physiological and hygienic points of view, which characterizes the knowledge, attitude and behavior of a person in relation to his/her own health. The cognitive component is implemented through medical literacy, which can be measured in the forms of general, functional and subject medical literacy. The evaluative-motivational component is formed on the basis of a person's attitude to his/her own health as a ultimate value, his/her willingness to take responsibility for it, the projection of his/her own health development, self-assessment of his/her health. The behavioral component combines both health-preserving and risky forms of behavior that become the basis for a certain lifestyle. All components of the individual concept of health are realized as a health-preserving competence of the adolescent, which, according to the level of its formation, can also be formed at optomal, low or unsatisfactory levels.Conclusions. In the course of the conducted research, the leading components of the individual concept of health in the context of the formation of health-preserving competence of girls and boys were determined and analyzed in detail, and the main levels of its formation were determined.
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