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The in utero sonographic detection of some of the more subtle anomalies of the hand and foot is now possible with the improved resolution of the newer ultrasound equipment. Nine case reports of fetal hand and/or foot deformities are presented, with 12 total lesions. The deformities include clinodactyly, symbrachydactyly, talipomanus, talipes, and "rockerbottom" foot. The sonographic appearance of each of these is discussed.

Excited C2 H* is produced by vacuum ultraviolet photolysis of acetylene using a frequency tripled laser. Time-dependent emission is measured from 400–940 nm. The use of a coherent photolysis source produces an excitation spectrum in which the rotational band contour is resolved. The absorption spectrum of C2 H2 taken in the same apparatus closely resembles the excitation spectrum indicating a homogeneous predissociation. Time-dependent quenching of the C2 H* emission by Xe, Kr, Ar, He, N2, H2, D2, and C2 H2 is measured. The rapid quenching rates and lack of strong dependence on atomic weight suggest a spin-allowed process is involved in this channel of C2 H2 photolysis. Quench rates are compared with several theoretical models.

The pharmacokinetics of theophylline was determined in six pregnant, nonsmoking women in labor at term following a single bolus infusion of 5.6 mg/kg of aminophylline over 20 minutes. Cord blood levels were obtained from three babies at delivery. Compared to values reported in the literature for nonpregnant adult nonsmokers, the volume distribution (mean 573 +/- 53 ml/kg) and clearance rate (mean .88 +/- .24 ml/kg/min) of theophylline is increased in pregnant women, but the half-life (mean 7.95 +/- 2 hrs) remains unaltered. Similar doses of aminophylline can therefore be used in pregnant and nonpregnant adults who do not smoke cigarettes, but the infusion rate required to maintain a mean serum concentration of 10 micrograms/ml (0.5 mg/kg/hr) is almost half that initially reported in the literature. The serum theophylline concentrations in maternal venous and mixed cord blood at delivery were almost identical, which implies that theophylline crosses the placenta rapidly and that the fetus represents a "shallow" drug compartment.

A combined experimental and computational approach utilizing tunable CO(2) lasers and chemometric analysis was employed to detect chemicals and their concentrations in the field under controlled release conditions. We collected absorption spectra for four organic gases in the laboratory by lasing 40 lines of the laser in the 9.3-10.8-mum range. The ability to predict properly the chemicals and their respective concentrations depends on the nature of the target, the atmospheric conditions, and the round-trip distance. In 39 of the 45 field experiments, the identities of the released chemicals were identified correctly without predictions of false positives or false negatives.

A combined experimental and computational approach utilizing CO2 infrared gas lasers and chemometric multivariate analysis was employed to detect chemicals and their concentrations in the open atmosphere under controlled release conditions. Absorption spectra offour organic gases were collected in the laboratory by lasing 40 lines of a Synrad 15W CO2 laser in the 9.3 to 10.8 micron range. Several chemometric calibration models were constructed based on this IR data using the Partial Least Squares (PLS) computational technique. The chemometric models were used to analyze in near real time the field DIAL data acquired over this exact wavelength range at round trip distances of 7 and 13 km. It will be shown that the ability to predict the chemicals and their respective concentrations depends on a variety offactors. In 39 ofthe 45 experiments, the identities ofthe released chemicals were correctly identified without predictions of false positives or false negatives. Under the best field conditions, we achieved predictions of absolute concentrations within 30% of the actual values.

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