The in utero sonographic detection of some of the more subtle anomalies of the hand and foot is now possible with the improved resolution of the newer ultrasound equipment. Nine case reports of fetal hand and/or foot deformities are presented, with 12 total lesions. The deformities include clinodactyly, symbrachydactyly, talipomanus, talipes, and "rockerbottom" foot. The sonographic appearance of each of these is discussed.
Excited C2 H* is produced by vacuum ultraviolet photolysis of acetylene using a frequency tripled laser. Time-dependent emission is measured from 400–940 nm. The use of a coherent photolysis source produces an excitation spectrum in which the rotational band contour is resolved. The absorption spectrum of C2 H2 taken in the same apparatus closely resembles the excitation spectrum indicating a homogeneous predissociation. Time-dependent quenching of the C2 H* emission by Xe, Kr, Ar, He, N2, H2, D2, and C2 H2 is measured. The rapid quenching rates and lack of strong dependence on atomic weight suggest a spin-allowed process is involved in this channel of C2 H2 photolysis. Quench rates are compared with several theoretical models.
The pharmacokinetics of theophylline was determined in six pregnant, nonsmoking women in labor at term following a single bolus infusion of 5.6 mg/kg of aminophylline over 20 minutes. Cord blood levels were obtained from three babies at delivery. Compared to values reported in the literature for nonpregnant adult nonsmokers, the volume distribution (mean 573 +/- 53 ml/kg) and clearance rate (mean .88 +/- .24 ml/kg/min) of theophylline is increased in pregnant women, but the half-life (mean 7.95 +/- 2 hrs) remains unaltered. Similar doses of aminophylline can therefore be used in pregnant and nonpregnant adults who do not smoke cigarettes, but the infusion rate required to maintain a mean serum concentration of 10 micrograms/ml (0.5 mg/kg/hr) is almost half that initially reported in the literature. The serum theophylline concentrations in maternal venous and mixed cord blood at delivery were almost identical, which implies that theophylline crosses the placenta rapidly and that the fetus represents a "shallow" drug compartment.
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