Abstract:The Unani eye drop is an ophthalmic formulation prepared for its beneficial effects in the inflammatory and allergic conditions of the eyes. In the present study, the Unani eye drop formulation was prepared and investigated for its anti-inflammatory and antihistaminic activity, using in vivo and in vitro experimental models respectively. The Unani eye drop formulation exhibited significant antiinflammatory activity in turpentine liniment-induced ocular inflammation in rabbits. The preparation also showed antihistaminic activity in isolated guinea-pig ileum. The anti-inflammatory and antihistaminic activity of eye drop may be due to presence of active ingredients in the formulation. Although there are many drugs in Unani repository which are mentioned in classical books or used in Unani clinical practice effectively in treatment of eye diseases by various Unani physicians. Inspite of the availability of vast literature, there is a dearth of commercial Unani ocular preparations. So, keeping this in mind, the eye drop formulation was prepared and its anti-inflammatory and antihistaminic activity was carried out in animal models. Thus, in view of the importance of alternative anti-inflammatory and antiallergic drugs, it becomes imperative to bring these indigenous drugs to the front foot and evaluate their activities.
The amblyopic eye has low amplitudes of accommodation proving the benefit of near adds in amblyopic patients. Prolonged near work might induce myopia in susceptible eyes by increasing the axial length.
Aim: To study the various ocular anatomical and physiological parameters in presbyopia.
Materials and methods:We studied the various ocular anatomical and physiological parameters like corneal curvature (keratometry readings: K1 and K2), central corneal thickness (CCT), anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens thickness (LT) and axial length (AL) in 100 presbyopic patients between 35 -55 years of age. The patients were divided into two age groups: I (35 -44 years) and II (45-55 yrs). ACD, AL and LT were measured using an Ascan. CCT was measured with ultrasonic pachymetry.
Results:The CCT decreased (BE), LT increased and ACD decreased (RE) significantly with increasing age (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in males and females. Nearly 3/4 th of the total increase in lens thickness was responsible for the decrease in the anterior chamber depth and the rest, 1/4 th , goes posteriorly. Corneal curvature and AL showed no significant change with age.
Conclusions:The mean of CCT decreased significantly with advancing age. As age increased, the mean value of lens thickness increased and anterior chamber depth decreased. Nearly 3/ 4 th of total increase in LT was anteriorly, decreasing the ACD. Corneal curvature and AL has no relation with age.
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