Accommodation: Its relation to refractive errors, amblyopia and biometric parameters

Maheshwari, R. P.; Sukul, R R; Gupta, Yogesh; Gupta, Meenakshi; Phougat, A; Dey, Mousumi; Jain, Rakhi; Srivastava, Geetika; Bhardwaj, Urvashi; Dikshit, S. K.

doi:10.3126/nepjoph.v3i2.5267

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…1–6 This result has been verified in studies using subjective and objective tests. Of these, there are manual methods of measurement including the minus lens method, the near point of convergence method employing the Prince rule, and dynamic retinoscopy, as well as automated devices such as the Hartinger Coincidence Refractometer and the infrared consensual accommodation test (iCAT).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Association Between Accommodative Amplitudes and Amblyopia

Singman

Matta²,

Tian

et al. 2013

Strabismus

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Purpose To evaluate the relationship between amblyopia and accommodative ability. Methods The open-field Grand Seiko binocular autorefractor has become the gold standard for automated measurement of static accommodation. We measured the accommodation amplitudes in 52 children ages 3 to 14 years employing the Grand Seiko auto refractor. Children wore their glasses for this test, which was prescribed based on a cycloplegic refraction performed by one pediatric ophthalmologist. No readings could be obtained for 9 eyes (5 patients). Results Normal accommodation with correction utilizing full accommodative effort at 1/3 meter is 3D assuming no accommodative lag, and would generate a reading of −3.00D from the Grand Seiko auto refractor. Lack of any accommodative should give a reading of 0.00D. Accommodative gradually declined as the acuity worsened. Conclusion Our results suggest that amblyopic eyes do not accommodate as well as non-amblyopic eyes. Because accommodation amplitude is not subjective it may be a more sensitive indicator of regression of amblyopia than visual acuity. The Grand Seiko autorefractor could prove to be a useful tool to monitor the progress of patients with amblyopia.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Association Between Accommodative Amplitudes and Amblyopia

Singman

Matta²,

Tian

et al. 2013

Strabismus

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“…Additionally, it has been hypothesised that high levels of transient axial length elongation during accommodation may precipitate a myopic shift in refraction in susceptible eyes . Therefore transient axial length elongation during accommodation is one potential factor responsible for the connection between high levels of near work and the onset and progression of myopia in both children and adults . Mallen, Kashyap and Hampson hypothesised that myopic eyes may be more amenable to transient axial length elongation during accommodation due to reduced ocular rigidity (present due to the stretched, elongated eye characteristic of myopia).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Does transient increase in axial length during accommodation attenuate with age?

Laughton

Sheppard

Mallen

et al. 2017

Clinical and Experimental Optometry

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BackgroundThe aim was to profile transient accommodative axial length changes from early adulthood to advanced presbyopia and to determine whether any differences exist between the responses of myopic and emmetropic individuals.MethodsOcular biometry was measured by the LenStar biometer (Haag‐Streit, Switzerland) in response to zero, 3.00 and 4.50 D accommodative stimuli in 35 emmetropes and 37 myopes, aged 18 to 60 years. All results were corrected to reduce errors arising from the increase in crystalline lens thickness with accommodation. Accommodative responses were measured sequentially by the WAM 5500 Auto Ref/Keratometer (Grand Seiko, Hiroshima, Japan).ResultsAxial length increased significantly with accommodation (p < 0.001), with a mean corrected increase in axial length of 2 ± 18 µm and 8 ± 16 µm observed at 3.00 and 4.50 D, respectively. The magnitude of accommodative change in axial length was not dependent on refractive error classification (p = 0.959); however, a significant reduction in the magnitude and variance of axial length change was evident after 43 to 44 years of age (p < 0.002).ConclusionThe negative association between transient increase in axial length and age, in combination with reduced variance of data after age 43 to 44 years, is consistent with a significant increase in posterior ocular rigidity, which may be influential in the development of presbyopia.

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“…One way ANOVA showed showed significance (p=0.000). Our results show that ageexpected method in majority of the cases could provide the clear and comfortable vision at near [10][11][12][13][14][15][16].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Near Add by Raf Rule and Age-Based Addition Method

Ahmed¹,

Mushtaq²

2019

Act Scie Nutr

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Purpose: Use of plus lenses compensate for the reduction in amplitude range caused due to presbyopia. It brings the near point of accommodation of presbyopia patient to a distance which is suitable for performing near tasks. The basic aim of this study was to compare two different methods of prescribing near add in presbyopia patients. The research was carried out with 40 subjects with mean age 61.0(range 40-70 years). Two different methods were used to determine near add, including the amplitude of accommodation by RAF ruler and age based plus lenses method. The add power obtained by both procedures was then refined to reach the final prescription. The results obtained by both procedures showed a notable difference in near addition values. The mean near add values in case of age based method were higher as compared to those with AA by RAF rule method. Age-based method overestimated reading addition relative to other method. Mean near addition obtained by RAF rule method and age-based method were 0.86 and 1.51, respectively. The results were highly significant with p value of (p=0.000).

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Accommodation: Its relation to refractive errors, amblyopia and biometric parameters

Abstract: The amblyopic eye has low amplitudes of accommodation proving the benefit of near adds in amblyopic patients. Prolonged near work might induce myopia in susceptible eyes by increasing the axial length.

Cited by 15 publications

References 5 publications

Association Between Accommodative Amplitudes and Amblyopia

Association Between Accommodative Amplitudes and Amblyopia

Does transient increase in axial length during accommodation attenuate with age?

Comparison of Near Add by Raf Rule and Age-Based Addition Method

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