Scheme IFurthermore, the base-catalyzed cyclization of -keto aldehydes gives much polymer, particularly where R is small.1 23 Indeed where R is a methyl group, the cyclization could not be done in solution at all.4Considered together, the characteristics of these two reactions would complement each other. To avoid polymerization in the aldol step, the concentration of keto aldehyde should be kept low. The acetal hydrolysis pro-
A variety of methods have been utilized to detect the occurrence of a single electron transfer pathway in the reduction of alkyl halides by LiAlH, and A1H3, i.e., (1) product studies of reduction of cyclizable alkyl halides containing the 5-hexenyl group, (2) trapping of intermediate radicals by dicyclohexylphosphine and other trapping agents, (3) direct EPR observation of the trityl radical in the reduction of trityl bromide, and (4) stereochemical
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