This paper presents first a review of the conventional active and reactive power theory, valid for the steady-state analysis and them t h e instantaneous power theory, introduced by Akagi et a1 [ l , 21, is presented. This instantaneous theory is, valid for steady-and-transient states and for generic voltage and current waveforms. Some examples explaining the physical meaning of the new concepts will be presented. Also, by using the well known concepts of symmetrical components together with the new theory the powers in an unbalanced system will be analyzed, including the zero-sequence instantaneous power. It will be presented an example showing how this theory can be used to design and control an active power filter. Some simulation results a.re presented and discussed.

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This paper describes the construction and main components of a full-scale superconducting magnetic levitation vehicle. The prototype, comprising four 1.5-m-long wagons, will travel a short test line of 200 meters, connecting two buildings inside the campus of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro. The efforts to implement this technology started thirteen years ago with a small-scale prototype in an attempt to prove the concept. The second step was the construction of a functional prototype that could levitate more than one Ton. The actual stage of this project is the construction of an operational prototype mentioned above, designed to transport up to 24 passengers. This work has been reported in several previous editions of the ASC conference. New details about the elevated test line, the permanent magnetic (Nd-Fe-B) guideways, the cryostats with YBCO high critical temperature superconductors, the energy conditioning, the linear induction motor and its regenerative braking, as well as the automatic supply system of liquid nitrogen will be presented in the proposed paper. Tests with this operational prototype demonstrate the technology feasibility.

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