AbstractIn some countries the cervical cancer incidence and mortality rates are much higher compared to the European average. The differences of HPV and its type prevalence between countries and regions influence cervical cancer incidence and mortality. Regarding the differences in cervical cancer incidence and mortality in Lithuania and Belarus, the aim of this study was to describe HPV infection level and HPVs type distribution among two study groups of patients with moderate or severe cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN2-3) and cervical cancer. Our data shows that 74.2% [95% CI: 63.64÷84.76] of Lithuanian patients with cervical cancer and 85.6% [95% CI: 85.53÷92.85] of the study group with CIN2-3 were HPV positive, while in the study groups of Belarusian patients HPV infection was detected in 92.6% [95% CI, 74.25÷98.71] and 65.4% [95% CI, 44.36÷82.06] cases respectively. HPV 16 was the most prevalent type in Lithuanian as well as in Belarusian patients of the study groups. HPV 18 in Lithuanian patients of the study group with cervical cancer was identified in 10.2% [95% CI: 1.73÷18.67] and in the study group with CIN2-3 — in 2.6% [95% CI: 0.95÷6.15] of cases. HPV 18 was not detected in Belarusian patients of both groups.
Abstract. Excision repair cross-complementation group 1 (ERCC1) gene expression analysis is currently used widely in the molecular diagnosis of cancer. According to numerous studies, ERCC1 gene expression correlates with overall survival and effectiveness of chemotherapy with platinum agents. However, the degree of this correlation differs among various studies, with certain authors reporting a complete lack of such a correlation. These contradictions may be attributed to a number of factors, including the heterogeneity of the tumor tissue. In this study, we attempted to assess the degree of genetic heterogeneity exhibited by tissue samples obtained from non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) through the expression of the ERCC1 gene. This study included 25 samples of tumor tissue from patients with a morphologically confirmed NSCLC diagnosis. A total of three randomized sections of each specimen were used. The ERCC1 gene expression was assessed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) in the TaqMan format. When planning the experiment and analysis of qPCR data, the MIQE guidelines were taken into consideration. We established that the coefficient of variation of the relative level of ERCC1 gene expression in the majority of the samples exceeded 33% (P<0.05), indicating the significant heterogeneity of the sample. We also demonstrated that the degree of heterogeneity of the tumor tissue is largely dependent on disease stage.
Overall, head and neck sqamous cell carcinoma accounts for more than 550,000 cases annually worldwide. It is well known that human papillomavirus (HPV) is the main risk factor for cervical cancer development. As the incidence and the mortality of cervical cancer are closely related to the HPV prevalence, we hypothesized that there is the same association between HPV prevalence and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Therefore we performed the study aiming to compare the level of HPV infection and HPV type distribution between two groups of Lithuanian and Belarusian patients with head and neck sqamous cell carcinoma. One hundred ninety head and neck sqamous cell carcinoma patients were included in the study, 75 from Lithuania and 115 from Belarus. PCR was used for HPV detection and typing. The distribution of HPV infection among head and neck sqamous cell carcinoma patients was similar in the Lithuanian (20.0%) and Belarusian (18.3%) patient groups, however differences were found in the distribution of HPV types.
Background: this study describes the contribution of XRCC1, XRCC3 and PALB2 genes in the genesis of sporadic forms of breast cancer in Belarus patients. Materials and Methods: this study included 169 patients with sporadic breast cancer and 185 healthy patients. The molecular genetic analysis was performed by RFLP and PAGE electrophoresis. Results: in this study we identified genotypes of high risk breast cancer patient’s for PALB2, XRCC1 and XRCC3 genes. We also discovered a statistically significant associations between the GG genotype for p.Q399R (XRCC1) and tumor grade, and between TT genotype for XRCC3 gene and the presence of metastases in the regional lymph nodes. The patients with TT genotype (p.T241M, XRCC3) showed the fivefold increase in the risk of local breast cancer recurrence. Conclusion: For the first time it was determined the prevalence of polymorphic variants of the DNA repair genes: p.Q399R (XRCC1), p.T241M (XRCC3), p.T1100T (PALB2) and p.Q559P (PALB2) for Belarus patients with the breast cancer. Analysis of SNPs in the DNA repair key genes may have clinical and prognostic significance during the formation of high risk patient’s groups developing the breast cancer.
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