Responses of spontaneously active neurons to visceral (splanchnic nerve) stimulation were recorded extracellularly in the head of the caudate nucleus of immobilized cats. The presence of multimodal neurons responding to stimulation of visceral, somatic, and auditory sensory systems in this structure also was established. It is concluded from these facts that neurons of the caudate nucleus may play a role in the mechanisms of interaction of visceral impulses with somatic and auditory impulses.
Abstract. Excision repair cross-complementation group 1 (ERCC1) gene expression analysis is currently used widely in the molecular diagnosis of cancer. According to numerous studies, ERCC1 gene expression correlates with overall survival and effectiveness of chemotherapy with platinum agents. However, the degree of this correlation differs among various studies, with certain authors reporting a complete lack of such a correlation. These contradictions may be attributed to a number of factors, including the heterogeneity of the tumor tissue. In this study, we attempted to assess the degree of genetic heterogeneity exhibited by tissue samples obtained from non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) through the expression of the ERCC1 gene. This study included 25 samples of tumor tissue from patients with a morphologically confirmed NSCLC diagnosis. A total of three randomized sections of each specimen were used. The ERCC1 gene expression was assessed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) in the TaqMan format. When planning the experiment and analysis of qPCR data, the MIQE guidelines were taken into consideration. We established that the coefficient of variation of the relative level of ERCC1 gene expression in the majority of the samples exceeded 33% (P<0.05), indicating the significant heterogeneity of the sample. We also demonstrated that the degree of heterogeneity of the tumor tissue is largely dependent on disease stage.
Using the method of intracellular pickup of neuronal activity, a high degree of convergence of impulses of various modalities onto the cells of the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus was established in cats immobilized by means of diplacin dichloride. Great similarity was identified in the patterns of responses to somatic, visceral, light, and sound stimuli. With intravenous administration of glucose, 32% of the neurons studied increased their convergent capacity, 19% of the cells increased the frequency of spikes, and 23% changed the phase of the reaction. The excitatory type of reaction predominated in the responses of the cells investigated.
Цель. Изучить динамику уровня натрийуретического пептида и оксида азота, а также связь этих изменений со структурным состоянием миокарда у женщин, страдающих раком молочной железы (РМЖ). Оценить эффективность кардиотропной терапии (КТТ) – комбинации валсартана и карведилола, в предотвращении выявленных изменений.Материалы и методы. В исследование включено 100 женщин, страдающих раком молочной железы, получивших хирургическое лечение, полихимиотерапию с антрациклинами, лучевую терапию.Пациентки были разделены на 3 группы: РМЖ – получившие только противоопухолевую терапию (55 человек), РМЖ + КТТ – пациентки вместе с лечением рака получали комбинацию валсартана и карведилола и не страдали артериальной гипертензией (АГ) (25 человек), РМЖ + АГ + КТТ – женщины, страдающие АГ, с противоопухолевой терапией получали комбинацию валсартана и карведилола (20 человек).Результаты. В результате исследования в группе без назначения профилактических сердечно-сосудистых лекарственных средств выявлено ухудшение систолической и диастолической функции миокарда левого желудочка, прямая корреляционная связь между уровнем натрийуретического пептида и оксида азота после окончания лечения рака молочной железы (r=0,51, р<0,05). Назначение комбинации валсартана и карведилола в качестве терапии сопровождения противоопухолевого лечения обеспечивало сохранение нормальных значенийфракции выброса левого желудочка, отсутствие нарушений процессов релаксации миокарда, приводило к снижению уровня натрийуретического пептида и оксида азота.Заключение. Комбинация валсартана и карведилола может быть использована с целью профилактики кардиотоксичности противоопухолевой терапии. Purpose. To study the dynamics of changes in the level of natriuretic peptide and nitric oxide, as well as the relationship of these changes with the structural state of the heart in women with breast cancer (ВС). To evaluate the effectiveness of the cardiotropic therapy (CT) – the combination of valsartan and carvedilol – in prevention of the identified changes.Materials and methods. 100 women with breast cancer were included in the study. The patients received surgery, anthracycline chemotherapy, and radiation therapy.The patients were randomized into 3 groups: group BC – with antitumor treatment alone (55 cases); group BC+CT – patients with antitumor treatment, who received carvedilol combined with valsartan and had no arterial hypertension (AH) (25 cases); group BC+AH+CT – patients with antitumor treatment, who received carvedilol combined with valsartan and had hypertension (20 cases).Results. The study revealed a deterioration in the systolic and diastolic function of the left ventricular myocardium, a direct correlation between the level of natriuretic peptide and nitric oxide after the end of cancer treatment in the group without prescribing preventive cardiovascular drugs. The use of the combination of valsartan and carvedilol as a therapy to accompany the antitumor treatment of breast cancer prevents the decrease of the left ventricular ejection fraction, a disorder of the relaxation processes of the myocardium, and reduces the level of natriuretic peptide and nitric oxide. Conclusion. The combination of valsartan and carvedilol may be effective to reduce the cardiotoxicity of antitumor therapy.
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