This study focuses on the relations between the microstructure and the viscoelastic behavior of an industrial solid propellant belonging to the class of highly filled elastomers. Precisely, the study aims at determining the impact on the viscoelastic behavior of the presence of the sol fraction inside the polymer network. The sol fraction is the part of the binder that a good solvent can extract. The solid propellant is swollen to various extents by solutions of plasticizer and polymer molecules. This swelling leads to a hydrostatic deformation of the polymer network, corresponding to an extension or contraction loading for each specimen. Prestrained dynamic mechanical analysis tests, superimposing a small oscillating strain on a prestrain, characterize the viscoelastic behavior. The degree of swelling of the network and the effective filler fraction drive the viscoelastic response. In addition, the mechanical behavior does not depend on the chemical nature of the introduced sol fraction. Moreover, a nonlinear behavior, i.e., an increase in both storage and loss moduli with increasing prestrain, is initiated at low prestrain. This nonlinearity depends on the contraction or extension of the network and could result from particles aligning with prestrain, which is expected in such highly filled materials.
International audienceABSTRACT: Highly filled elastomers such as solid propellants exhibit a complex nonlinear viscoelastic behavior. This work aimed atdetermining the influence of binder–filler and filler–filler interactions on the microstructure and the viscoelastic properties of the propellantusing a design of experiments method. The influences of the filler fraction and of the filler–binder bonding agents (FBBA)were measured by swelling experiments and prestrained dynamic mechanical analyses. The results showed that FBBA react on the fillersurface and concentrate the curing agents in the vicinity of the fillers. The nonlinearity of the viscoelastic behavior originatedfrom filler–filler interactions that created high stress zones between fillers and therefore constrained the movements of the macromoleculesof the binder. Filler–binder interactions induced by the FBBA increased the filler effective volume as well as the heterogeneousstress distribution in the microstructure. VC 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40664
International audienceHighly filled elastomers exhibit a complex nonlinear mechanical behaviour that is difficult to characterize experimentally. This paper presents a Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) method coupled with orthogonal prestrains, applied in two distinct steps. A localization operator between measurements at the arms of a cross shaped specimen and the stress and strain fields at its center was determined using elastic small strain finite element computations. The operator makes estimating the storage and loss moduli at the center of the specimen possible. A mathematical model is then fitted to the moduli values. These results are compared to DMA measurements of highly filled elastomers under uniaxial prestrain. Although the storage and loss moduli increase with the prestrain under both loadings, the nonlinear behaviour is quantitatively modified by adding an orthogonal prestrain. In addition, the modification of the behaviour under a horizontal prestrain is cancelled out by an increase of the vertical prestrain, which may be explained by fillers aligning in the direction of the prestrain
Friction of two materials in artificial seawater induces severe degradations of both antagonists. In view of evaluating materials wear resistance, this investigation is devoted to the development of a new ring-on-disk tribocorrosimeter device. Its relevance to the study of wear due to plan/plan friction is analyzed comparing it to classical pin-on-disk experiments, with special emphasis on the influence of several factors: choice and respective position of both materials in contact, applied load, test duration.
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