Summary. Information on a reliable method for determining the nutritive value of existing and experimental peptones is lacking in the literature. To overcome this handicap, a method for comparative evalnation of microbiological peptones has been developed.The method is based on measuring the growth of eight carefully selected, fastidious, t,est cultures. The cultures are grown in presence and absence of yeast extract in a n inorganic basal medium containing test peptone and a low and high level of glucose.Statistical analysis of replicate peptone evaluations of six peptones, conducted over a period of six months, shows that 95per cent confidence limits for this method are & 2.5 to 7.9 per rent of the mean.Four criteria are employed for determining the overall performance of 12 w-idely used, commercial peptones.The method is very sensitive for detecting differences between batches of commercial peptones. With the aid of this met,hotl a new, peptone 'N-Z-Amine YT' has been developed. Considering performance ant1 relat ive rost, this pept'one is the most economical of the peptones evalnatetl.
This paper summarizes the yields of broad-spectrum sulfonates obtained from the sulfonation of selected petroleum fractions using gaseous S03 in a wiped film reactor. Sulfonation is selective toward molecules having more than two aromatic rings. SO,-to-feed ratios well in excess of 1.0 mole S031mole feed aromatics are required to achieve aromatics conversions in excess of 50-70%. Sulfonic acid decomposition with concomitant formation of S02 can significantly reduce sulfonates yield. Sulfonic acid decomposi-tion, which can be minimized by rapid neutralization of the acid product, is an important consideration in the design of a sulfonation process.
sulfonatesare a major componentin many micellarformulations.As a result, This paper summarizesthe yields of their cost is an importantelementin broad spectrumSU1fonatesobtainedfrom micellarflood economics. Both the the SU1fonati on of selectedpetroleum yield of hydrocarbonSU1fonateper unit fractionsusing gaseousS03 in a wiped feedstockand the type and distribution film reactor. Sulfonationis selective of sulfonationby-products will strongly towardmoleculeshavingmore than two influenceprojected surfactantmanufacaromaticrings; however,S03 treatswell tu}'ing costs. in excess of 1,0 moles S03/molefeed aromaticsare requiredto achieveThe objectiveof this studywas to aromaticsconversionsin excessof 50iovestigate the sulfonation of selected 70% . Sulfonicacid decomposition with lube boilingrange petroleumfractions concomitantformationof S02 can sigunder a varietyof reactionconditions nificantlyreduce sulfonzcesyield. utilizinga wiped film reactorand Sulfonicacid decomposition, which can be gaseousS03. Productdistributions and minimizedby rapid neutralization of the yields are correlatedagainstfeed acid product,is an important molecularweight and type, S03/oilfeed considerationin the designof a t"atio, sulfonicacid soak time and sulfontition process. reactoreffluenttemperature.
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