Atlantic salmon parr and brook trout were observed in stream tanks at the Matamek Research Station, Quebec. In the autumn, at 10 C Atlantic salmon parr began sheltering in rubble, and at 9 C the majority had disappeared into hiding. Brook trout also had this tendency to hide at cold temperatures, but not as strongly as the salmon. In slow water flows (<5 cm/s), Atlantic salmon parr tended to hide in the rubble substrate at any temperature, and aggression decreased. In both slow and faster water velocities during summer and autumn the commonest agonistic act by Atlantic salmon parr was "charge and chase." Brook trout in July showed "nip" as the commonest agonistic act, but in September and October "approach" and "charge and chase" were more common, possibly due to aggression associated with spawning. Shade was attractive to both species in shallow water, but given the choice of a shallow (30 cm) tank with a shade cover, and a deeper (50 cm) tank with no shade, the majority of brook trout and Atlantic salmon selected the deeper tank. In one experiment in a shallow-water tank, turbulent water surface was more attractive to Atlantic salmon parr than shade.Generally where juvenile Atlantic salmon, or parr (Salmo salar), and brook trout (Salvelinus fontinaIls) coexist, parr during the summer are more numerous in riffle areas than in pools, and brook trout are more common in the pools (Keenleyside 1962; Gibson 1966). This may partly be due to differences between the two species in habitat preference, or depth with size, but in some rivers, such as the Matamek River in Quebec, segregation is mainly brought about by behavioral interactions and by competition (Gibson 1973a). However, the distribution of Atlantic salmon parr and brook trout changes seasonally. They are difficult to catch in the Matamek River when the water is cold, as in May, but in mid-June they appear suddenly to become abundant. In early October they again disappear (Gibson 1973a). Allen (1940) remarked that Atlantic salmon parr in the River Eden in England disappeared from the riffles when the water temperature reached 7 C at the end of October, and did not reappear until the water temperature again reached 7 C the following March. Saunders and Gee (1964) found in a • Contribution 3982 from the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. Contribution 30 from the Matamek Research Station, Quebec. 2 Present address: MacLaren Marex, Inc., St. John's, Newfoundland A1A 2Y4.New Brunswick stream that in December,