Pittsburgh Pneumonia Agent: Direct Isolation from Human Lung Tissue

Pasculle, A. William; Feeley, James C.; Gibson, R. J.; Cordes, L G; Myerowitz, Richard L.; Patton, C M; Gorman, George W.; Carmack, C. L.; Ezzell, John W.; Dowling, John

doi:10.1093/infdis/141.6.727

Cited by 281 publications

(120 citation statements)

References 19 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

116

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Since submission of this manuscript, the names Legionella micdadei (11) and L. pittsburgensis (20) Members of the family Legionellaceae produce colonies which are white to slightly grayish on BCYE agar. Occasionally, a faint pinkish or greenish sheen may be noted in confluent areas.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two colony types have been described for Tatlockia: a slowly growing, white colony which develops protuberences. These protuberences on subculture give rise to the second, more rapidly growing, yellow-green colony type (20). Colonies of Fluoribacter fluoresce brightly when illuminated with longwave UV light.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Legionella cells are more pleomorphic and tend to form long, vine-like fdaments in culture. From tissues, Tatlockia may be partly acid-fast (20). Although motility of some strains has been reported (10) and polar flagella have been demonstrated (10,12,20), these organisms are usually nonmotile after agar passage.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Working stocks were maintained on buffered charcoal yeast extract (BCYE) agar (20). Media were buffered to pH 6.9 (20°C) with 1% ACES [ N -( 2 acetamido)-2-aminoethanesulfonic acid, (Research Organics, Inc., Cleveland, Ohio) ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Tatlockia and Fluoribacter: Two New Genera of Organisms Resembling Legionella pneumophila

Brown

Vickers

1980

International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology

106

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

DNA homology studies were performed with strains of Legionella pneumophila Brenner et al., 1979, including the type strain, ATCC 33152, and a group of seven previously unclassified bacteria which resemble L. pneumophila in growth characteristics and colonial morphology and by their content of large amounts of branched-chain fatty acids. The organisms studied include three isolates of the Pittsburgh pneumonia agent (PPA), TATLOCK, WIGA (ALLOI), MI-15 (ALLOZ), and NY-23 (ALLOJ. The purified DNAs were labeled with 32P in vitro by a nick translation method, which made it possible to achieve very high specific activities. Results of our hybridization experiments suggest that these previously unclassified organisms are not related to L. pneumophila at the genus level, and thus two new genera within the family Legionellaceae are proposed for them: Tatlockia and Fluoribacter. The type species of these genera are T. micdadei (Hebert et al., 1980) comb. nov. and F. bozemanae sp. nov., respectively. The type strain of 2 ' . micdadei is strain TATLOCK (= ATCC 33218), and the type strain of F. bozemanae is strain WIGA (= ATCC 33217).Legionnaires' disease, first recognized during an outbreak in Philadelphia in 1976 (9), has been shown to be due to infection with a bacterium (15) for which the name Legionella pneumophila has been proposed (5). This organism is gram negative and requires cysteine, iron salts, and a medium buffered at pH 6.9 for optimal growth (8).Since the isolation of L. pneumophila, intensive study of previously unclassified organisms (1, 10, 16, 24) and a search for new isolates (7, 12, 14, 21, 25) from both human and environmental sources has led to the recognition of a number of organisms resembling L. pneumophila with respect to nutritional requirements and colonial morphology (7, 12, 14). Of these organisms, L. pneurnophila, WIGA (ALLOI), Pittsburgh pneumonia agent (PPA), HEBA, and TATLOCK possess common flagellar antigens (10, 12), a relationship which may exist among all flagellated members of this group of organisms and which may be of taxonomic importance. Cellular fatty acid analysis disclosed the presence of branched-chain fatty acids in unusually large amounts for gram-negative organisms (19), and characteristic fatty-acid patterns were described for L. pneumophila and for several others of these bacteria (7, 10, 14, 18, 19).In this article, we present extensive deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-DNA homology data in an attempt to determine the relatedness among members of this group. Since the original submission of this manuscript for publication, two articles have appeared proposing scientific names for the organisms referred to as TAT-LOCK and PPA (11,20); one of the articles also refers to the name L. bozemanii for the WIGA bacterium, but a formal proposal is not made (11). Both sets of authors have placed these organisms in the genus Legionella. Our data, as well as the available data presented in these other reports, do not support the classification of these organisms into a single genus, but arg...

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Tatlockia and Fluoribacter: Two New Genera of Organisms Resembling Legionella pneumophila

Brown

Vickers

1980

International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology

106

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The animals' temperatures were recorded daily for a week. Blood cultures were taken by cardiac puncture on the third and fourth day after inoculation and plated directly onto Aces buffered charcoal yeast extract (CYE) medium (Pasculle et al 1980). Peritoneal fluid and splenic cultures were made from any animal that was very sick or found dead during the period of observation.…”

Section: Isolation Of L Pneumophilamentioning

confidence: 99%

Legionella pneumophila in cooling water systems: Report of a survey of cooling towers in London and a pilot trial of selected biocides

Kurtz

Bartlett²,

Newton³

et al. 1982

J. Hyg.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARYFourteen recirculating cooling water systems were surveyed during the summer, 1981, to see what factors might influence the prevalence of Legionella pneumophila. The effect on the organism of three anti-microbials was studied, each in two systems, by intermittent treatment at two week intervals.L. pneumophila was isolated from six of the 14 cooling systems at the beginning of the trial but by the end was present in ten. An association was found between the presence of the organism and the concentration of dissolved solids, and chlorides and the pH. There also appeared to be associations with exclusion of light and higher water temperatures.Repeated tests on eight untreated systems showed that two were consistently infected, three became and remained infected, one was infected on a single occasion and two were never infected with L. pneumophila. Treatment of a contaminated system, either with a 10 p.p.m mixture of a quaternary ammonium compound and tributyltinoxide or slow release chlorine briquettes (maximum recorded free chlorine level 1-2 p.p.m.), did not eliminated legionellae. Treatment of two infected towers with a chlorinated phenol (100 p.p.m.) eliminated legionellae for at least three days, but after 14 days the organism was again found.

show abstract