Статья посвящена представлению и обсуждению первичных результатов экспериментального исследования возможности применения современных «переходного метода» и «метода бесконтактной квазистационарной фотопроводимости» для более точного, ускоренного и неразрушающего определения времени жизни носителей заряда в кремниевых пластинах, предназначенных в качестве базового материала для изготовления быстродействующих р-п-приборов микроэлектроники и высокоэффективных солнечных элементов. Показано, что метод квазистационарной фотопроводимости основывается на следующих принципах: освещение объекта исследования длительным, медленно затухающим импульсом света; одновременное измерение поверхностной проводимости образца и интенсивности падающего света как функций времени; определение уровня генерации электронно-дырочных пар в полупроводниковом материале по измеренному значению интенсивности падающего света в каждый момент времени; определение квазиравновесной концентрации носителей заряда, исходя из измеренного значения поверхностной проводимости в каждый момент времени; расчет эффективного времени жизни неосновных носителей заряда в приближении квазиравновесия.
The article discusses the contribution of the climatogenic factor to the development of the Batagai thermo-denudation “crater” — the largest object in the world of thermo-denudation origin. The Batagai “crater” is the result of accelerated activation of exodynamic processes in the continuous permafrost zone of the Yansky Plateau (Northern Yakutia), located in the coldest region of Russia. According to satellite imagery from Landsat series satellites (Landsat-7 and Ladsat-8) for the period from 1999 to 2017. The rate of its growth was established taking into account the exposure factor for certain time intervals. Based on the selected satellite images, they were visually decrypted to highlight the “crater” edge, with reference to each year for the entire 18-year period. The results obtained were compared with climatic indicators for the corresponding time intervals. From climate data, those were analyzed that had positive dynamics and favored the development of thermo-denudation processes. So, for the Batagai “crater” area over the past 50 years, there has been a stable tendency towards an increase in temperature values (average summer by 1,6°C and average annual by 2,2°C) and the amount of precipitation (an increase in the annual amount of 25 mm due to summer autumn period). Over the past two decades, a certain correlation has been revealed between the growth rate of the Batagai “crater” and the dynamics of the main climatic indicators. During the analyzed period, it was established that the northwestern side of the “crater” is distinguished by the highest rate of degradation. Given the statistically revealed relationship, as well as the high ice content of the rocks (40–60 %) and their special sand vein structure, this allows us to consider the Batagai “crater” — a vivid indicator of climate warming.
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