The relevance and problem of a research is caused by need of the choice of theoretical and methodical base of reforming and improvement of planning of production activity of the rural enterprises. Research purpose is to assess a degree of quality of planning of activity of the agricultural enterprises during the different periods of time when not only different techniques of planning were applied, but also there was respectively a different ideology of process of planning. Being based on conclusions of the carried-out analysis, it is possible to establish what methodical approaches have the right for existence further, taking into account improvement. Method of a research is the comparative analysis of rejections of actual data from planned data on two groups of indicators. Results: considerable differences as planning on two groups of indicators are revealed, trends of their behavior, which demonstrate imperfection of all technique of production planning, but not techniques of planning of the analyzed indicators or objects of a research are established. It is offered to refuse a standard method of planning of factorial indicators and to replace it with method of expert evaluations.
The research was aimed at evaluating sweet cherry forms on a complex of economically valuable traits and the allocation of promising genotypes for further use in breeding and production. The forms of sweet cherries grow in Michurinsk city of Tambov region. The study of frost resistance was carried out in laboratory conditions. Annual branches were frosted for 12 hours at -32°C and -35°C. Reproductive buds in all studied forms were characterized by reversible damage (less than 3 points) at temperature regime -32°C and complete death at -35°C. 10-117 form was characterized by -35°C frost resistance in the middle of winter, in which the freezing degree of annual branches tissues and vegetative buds did not exceed 2 points. Over the years of research, elites 4/8-24, 10-115, 7-38, 10-117, 6-87, 4/9-15, 7-5 possessed resistance to moniliosis and coccomycosis (the damage degree not more than 2 points). The highest yield (9.75-9.84 t/ha) on average over three years was shown by forms 4/8-24, 7-38, 7-5. Yield at the control level was noted in forms 6-87, 4/9-15, 10-115. Elite forms 4/9-15, 7-38 were characterized by the largest mass of fruits, significantly exceeding the control variety. The average weight amounted to 7.3 and 7.2 g, and the maximum was 9.4 and 8.4 g respectively. Forms 4/8-24, 4/9-15, 7-38 combined the dessert taste of fruits (tasting assessment of 4.6-4.8 points), very juicy and dense pulp.
оценка сортов и форм сливы по товарно-потребительским качествам и биохимическому составу плодов. Выделены формы крупноплодные, с высоким и стабильным содержанием растворимых сухих вещ еств, сахаров, витаминов C и P, пектина: Ночка, Черносливная. Ключевые слова: слива, сорта, качество плодов, биохимический состав. Summary. The varieties and forms of plum were estimated for their commercial and tasting qualities and biochemical composition of fruit. Large fruit forms Nochka and Chernoslivnaya have been revealed. These forms show higher stable content of soluble solids, sugars, vitamins C and P.
The study is aimed at assessing the suitability of plum varieties cultivated in Tambov region for the production of dried fruits (prunes). Large-fruited (average weight of more than 31 g) varieties were identified. Renklod by Kharitonovoy, Etude, Vengerka by Kursakov and Nochka are characterized by intense violet and dark purple integumentary colors. A combination of high skin strength, pulp hardness and good stone separation was found in Renklod by Kharitonov, Renklod Tambov, Etude, Vengerka by Kursakov and 23-135 Elite. A high accumulation of soluble solids, sugars, a low content of organic acids, as well as a high sugar-acid index were found in Renklod by Kharitonov, Renklod Tambov and Elite 23-135. Prunes produced from Renklod by Kharitonov, Renklod Tambov and 23-135 Elite were characterized by high commercial and consumer qualities, which makes it possible to recommend these varieties for the production of dried fruits.
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