1. The metabolic fate of 1,8-cineole was investigated in the brushtail possum. Six possums were fed an artificial diet to which 0.5% 1,8-cineole (wet weight) was added for 2 days. Urine and faeces were collected after the second day. A sample of each was extracted into ethyl acetate and analysed for metabolites. Both free and total levels of metabolites were identified by GC-MS and LC-MS and quantified by GC-MS. 2. The pattern of metabolite excretion was very complex in the brushtail possum. Nineteen metabolites were found in total. Metabolites were categorized into four groups according to the oxidation they had undergone: hydroxycineoles (n = 3), cineolic acids (n = 2), dihydroxycineoles (n = 3) and hydroxycineolic acids (n = 11). No hydroxycineolic acid metabolites have been previously reported as metabolites of 1,8-cineole. 3. Fractional recovery of the ingested dose (2.4 +/- 0.5 g; mean +/- SD) was 0.44 +/- 0.14 (mean +/- SD) in 24 h. Sixty percent of excreted metabolites were hydroxycineolic acids, the most extensively oxidized metabolites. Conjugation with glucuronic acid was inversely related to metabolite polarity, being greatest for hydroxycineoles (41-82%) and minimal for hydroxycineolic acids. 4. Traces of most metabolites were also found in the faeces.
The efficacy of an ivermectin jetting fluid against the sheep body louse, Bovicola (Damalinia) ovis, in long-woolled sheep was investigated in three field trials. In all trials, louse populations in hand-jetted sheep were reduced to nondetectable numbers within 2 weeks of treatment. Bv comparison, shorn and unshorn control sheep maintained detectable infestations for the duration of the trials.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.