This study investigated the effects of Raffia palm wine (RPW) on redox imbalance, glycolytic and cholinergic enzymes, and ATPase activities in hyperglycemia‐induced oxidative testicular injury. Type 2 diabetes (T2D) was induced in male albino rats (Sprague‐Dawley) by first administering 10% fructose solution for 14 days, before injecting with an intraperitoneal injection (40 mg/kg body weight) of streptozotocin. Raffia palm wine was administered to two diabetic groups at 150 and 300 mg/kg body weight (bw), when untreated diabetic group was used as a negative control, and metformin‐fed group was served as a positive control. The rats were sacrificed after 5 weeks of treatment, and testes were harvested. Treatment with RPW led to lower levels of nitric oxide, malondialdehyde and myeloperoxidase activity, with concomitant elevation of reduced glutathione level, superoxide dismutase, catalase and ATPase activities. Raffia palm wine also inhibited glycogen phosphorylase, glucose‐6‐phosphatase, fructose‐1,6‐bisphosphatase, and acetylcholinesterase, while restoring the altered testicular morphology to near‐normal. The results of this study suggest the therapeutic potentials of RPW against the effects of T2D on testicular functions and morphology. Practical applications Diabetes mellitus is one of the fastest growing global epidemy, with most developing countries being at the receiving end owing to the cost of treatment. Testicular damage has been recognized as one of the complications of diabetes, and if left untreated will lead to erectile dysfunction followed by infertility. Raffia palm wine is among the common natural beverage in West Africa, which is utilized for both social and medicinal purposes. In this study, for the first time we showed its ability to protect diabetes‐induced testicular injury in type 2 diabetic rats. This may be of great benefit in managing diabetes associated erectly dysfunction and male infertility, as Raffia palm wine is readily available in all seasons. This study will also improve the medicinal use of this wine, which may also indirectly improve its commercial benefit.
ABSTRACT:Objectives: The main objective of the study is to determine the neuroprotective potential of ethonolic extract of Garcinia mangostana (EEGM) in mouse against IntracerebroventricularStreptozotocin (ICV -STZ) induced sporadic type Alzheimer"s disease. Methods: Neurotoxicity was induced by ICV injection of STZ (0.5 mg/kg/b.w) as a first dose then the second dose after the 48 hours and the animals were pre-treated with ethanolic extract of Garcinia mangostana for 28 days. To assess the behavioral parameters learning and memory, open field and Y-maze were employed. Acetylcholinesterase, antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidise, reduced glutathione and catalase) were estimated in brain tissue. Results: Pre-treatment with EEGM (200 and 400 mg/kg/b.w) exhibited a dose dependent reduction of AChE levels and increased habituation memory and percentage alteration which are indicative of the enhanced cognitive function. The extract showed significant increase in the antioxidant parameter. Conclusion:The study results suggested that the neuroprotective potentiality of EEGM against ICV STZ induced neurotoxicity. The extract of EEGM proved to have a potential therapeutic action in preventing or decreasing the progression of sporadic Alzheimer"s disease due to aging and oxidative stress.
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