Treatment of cancer often requires the use of adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT). In real clinical practice, numerous patients suffer from severe toxicity and reduced quality of life (QoL). Hence, there is a need to maintain QoL and to reduce therapy toxicity to comply with recommended chemotherapy (CT) regimens. The present study focused on the effects of the multi-component nutritional supplement Oncoxin (ONCX) on QoL and CT-induced toxicity in patients undergoing ACT. A total of 133 patients aged 50–70 years with gastric cancer IIB-IIIC or non-small cell lung cancer IIB-IIIA were enrolled in the present study: 84 received ONCX, and 49 were included in the control arm and received CT only. It was identified that after 2 weeks of treatment the patients receiving ONCX exhibited clinically meaningful improvement of QoL (measured by Edmonton Symptom Assessment System Questionnaire) compared with those in the control group (odds ratio, 2.07; 95% CI, 1.00–4.29). By the end of a 3 week-period, the albumin level was higher in patients of the ONCX group compared with those in the control group (mean, 38.1; 95% CI, 37.1–39.1 g/l; vs. mean, 35.5; 95% CI, 33.9–37.0; P=0.03; respectively). Furthermore, the use of ONCX substantively reduced the hepatic toxicity of ACT. The present prospective real clinical setting study revealed positive effects of ONCX on QoL and ACT toxicity. The present study was retrospectively registered under the study registration number NCT03550482 at (June 8, 2018).

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Relevance: Male breast cancer (BC) has always been behind female BC in detection, treatment, and surveillance. Lower BC frequency in men limits the usefulness of screening. However, BC incidence in men is growing. This paper demonstrates the results of surgical treatment and typical changes in clinical and morphological manifestations of male breast cancer under chemotherapy and surgery. Methods: The article describes a clinical case of a male patient diagnosed with “Cancer in the right breast St III (T4NxM0), edematousinfiltrative form with an intraductal component, upper outer localization. Immunohistochemically luminal subtype B without Her2neu expression”; the condition – after six neoadjuvant chemotherapy courses. Results: Ultrasonography of the mammary glands conducted after six preoperative courses of chemotherapy showed a hypoechoic formation, centralized, with fuzzy, uneven contours, 52.5×48.2×46.1 mm in size, V=60.98 cm3 . Compared to March 2022 (the presence of a formation in the right breast craniolateral quadrant, with precise uneven contours, 9.0 cm in size, with infiltrating growth), the tumor formation decreased to US BI-RADS R6, L2. The multidisciplinary council prescribed surgery to the extent of radical mastectomy by Madden on the right and simple mastectomy on the left. The surgery was performed in August 2022. According to a postoperative histological conclusion, the therapeutic pathomorphism was index RCB-2.233, class RCB-II. Conclusion: This article shares the results of systemic and surgical treatment of a man with breast cancer. Considering the clinical picture and anamnesis, literature data, and the clinical protocol, the multidisciplinary group recommended radiation therapy with adjuvant endocrine therapy with tamoxifen for an initial period of five years.

Relevance: Male breast cancer (BC) has always been behind female BC in detection, treatment, and surveillance. Lower BC frequency in men limits the usefulness of screening. However, BC incidence in men is growing. This paper demonstrates the results of surgical treatment and typical changes in clinical and morphological manifestations of male breast cancer under chemotherapy and surgery. Methods: The article describes a clinical case of a male patient diagnosed with “Cancer in the right breast St III (T4NxM0), edematousinfiltrative form with an intraductal component, upper outer localization. Immunohistochemically luminal subtype B without Her2neu expression”; the condition – after six neoadjuvant chemotherapy courses. Results: Ultrasonography of the mammary glands conducted after six preoperative courses of chemotherapy showed a hypoechoic formation, centralized, with fuzzy, uneven contours, 52.5×48.2×46.1 mm in size, V=60.98 cm3 . Compared to March 2022 (the presence of a formation in the right breast craniolateral quadrant, with precise uneven contours, 9.0 cm in size, with infiltrating growth), the tumor formation decreased to US BI-RADS R6, L2. The multidisciplinary council prescribed surgery to the extent of radical mastectomy by Madden on the right and simple mastectomy on the left. The surgery was performed in August 2022. According to a postoperative histological conclusion, the therapeutic pathomorphism was index RCB-2.233, class RCB-II. Conclusion: This article shares the results of systemic and surgical treatment of a man with breast cancer. Considering the clinical picture and anamnesis, literature data, and the clinical protocol, the multidisciplinary group recommended radiation therapy with adjuvant endocrine therapy with tamoxifen for an initial period of five years.