The features of community-acquired acute lower respiratory tract infections in 390 children are described. Half (50%) presented with bronchiolitis, 37% with pneumonia and 13% with croup. Respiratory syncytial virus was the commonest agent identified (52% of bronchiolitis, 29% of pneumonia, 51% of croup). Positive bacterial blood cultures were obtained in 10% of the patients, all except one with pneumonia. Fever (> 39 degrees C), a toxic ill look, bronchial breathing, WCC > 20 x 10(9)/l, neutrophils > 5 x 10(9)/l, platelet count > 500 x 10(9)/l, ESR > 45 mm/hr, lobar consolidation and pleural effusion were more likely to be associated with bacterial than with viral pneumonia (relative risk > 1.81; p < 0.05). In areas with limited resources, a high fever, a toxic ill look, bronchial breathing and simple laboratory tests may help to identify patients with bacterial pneumonia.

Two field experiments were carried out during 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 winter seasons at Agric. Res. Stat., Fac. Agric., Cairo Univ. Giza, Egypt to study the effect of two seeding rates i.e.50 and 65 kg seed/ faddan (4200 m 2) and seven treatments of N, P and K fertilizers with or without Cerealin inoculation on wheat growth, grain yield and its components. These seven treatments were T1 (0-0-0 NPK), T 2 (50-30-24 NPK), T 3 (65-37.5-36 NPK), T 4 (80-45-48 NPK), T 5 (T 2 + Cerealin), T 6 (T 3 + Cerealin), and T 7 (T 4 + Cerealin). A split plot design in randomized complete blocks arrangement with three replications was used. Seeding rates were randomly assigned for the main plots while, fertilizer treatments were randomly arranged for the sub plots. The obtained results showed that seeding rates had no significant effect on all yield attributes except, number of shoots m-2 , number of grains spikes-1 in 2013/2014 season, number of shoots m-2 , number of spikes m-2 , straw yield /faddan and harvest index in 2013/2014 season. Mineral NPK fertilizers with bio-fertilizer (Cerealin) had significant effect on yield and its components except, spike length in both seasons. Grain, straw and biological yields and its attributes i.e. plant height, number of shoots m-2 , number of spikes m-2 , number of grains spike-1 , grains weight spike-1 , 1000-grain weight were significantly increased by adding bio-fertilizer compared to none adding in both seasons, respectively. Adding 75% of recommended dose of NPK mineral fertilizer combined with Cerealin inoculation resulted in significant increment in plant height, number of shoots m-2 , number of spikes m-2 , number of grains spike-1 , grains weight spike-1 , 1000-grain weight, grain, straw and biological yields as well as harvest index compared with other combination treatments. The interaction between seeding rate and fertilizer treatments was significant for all characters under study in both seasons. The highest grain yield (4.31 and 4.07 ton / faddan) in both seasons, respectively was recorded by sowing 65 kg seed faddan-1 with adding 65 kg N + 37.5 kg P 2 O 5 + 36 kg K 2 O + Cerealin inoculation compared with other tested treatments.

Field experiments were carried out in two successive seasons of 2019 and 2020, Kafr El Sheikh Governorate, Egypt, to find out the effect of Zinc (Zn) application splits and rates without or with humic acid (HA) on rice growth, grain yield and quality. The experiments were laid out in a split-plot based on Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Treatments included two application splits were applied in main plots and nine application rates; control (T1), 100% (20 kg ZnSO4.7H2O fed. -1 ) soil application traditional recommended fertilizer dose (RFD) (T2), foliar Zn application rates of 12.5% (T3), 25% (T4) and 50% (T5 ) from RFD, HA(T6), foliar Zn application rates of 12.5% (T7), 25% (T8) and 50% (T9) from RFD+HA were applied in sub-plots. Results indicated that, Zn application at three splits gave higher rice growth characters, yield components and grain quality than two splits. By increase zinc application rates without or with HA had a significant increase (P <0.05) in growth characters; the highest increase mean values of plant height (7.8%) and number of tillers m -2 (16.5%) were at 25% RFD+HA while, LAI (22.3%) and chlorophyll content (15.8%) were at 50% RFD+HA compared with control treatment. The highest panicle length (19.6 cm), panicle weight (2.29 g), number of filled grains panicle -1 (104.9), grain yield (4.12 t fed .-1 ), harvest index (47.9%), elongation percentage (32.6%) and head rice percentage (69.4%) recorded at Zn 50% RFD+HA as an average of both seasons.

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