wileyonlinelibrary.comconstruction of a new type of multifunctional nanomaterial will be conductive to the diagnosis and treatment integration.Lanthanide nanomaterials have been used extensively as multifunctional imaging probes because of their unique properties. [ 3 ] Due to dysprosium ion (Dy 3+ ) has high magnetic moment (10.6 µ B ) and short electronic relaxation time (≈0.5 ps) [ 4 ] , and lutetium ion (Lu 3+ ) have the heaviest atomic mass among the lanthanides, Dy and Lu-containing nanoparticle can be expected as a potential multifunctional contrast agent for T 2 -weighted MRI and CT imaging. Besides, Prussian blue (PB) is considered as a potential T 1 -weighted MRI agent and photo-induced heating material. However, both magnetic resonance and X-ray attenuation properties can be affected by crystallographic size and number of paramagnetic ions per particle. [ 5 ] Moreover, the therapeutic effect is infl uenced by the ratio of photo-induced heating material in nanocomposites. [ 6 ] Therefore, to utilize certain advantages and maximize imaging and therapy effects, a variety of factors of alternate materials should be considered and compared. However, a limited number of researches include various possibilities.Herein, we synthesized NaDyF 4 doped with different amounts of Lu 3+ ions (NaDyF 4 : x %Lu, x % = 0, 20%, 50%, 80%) via a typical solvothermal method. The T 2 -weighted magnetic resonance and X-ray attenuation properties were discussed to select NaDyF 4 core with an appropriate doping amount for T 2 -weighted MR and CT imaging. The infl uence of PB shell on T 1 -weighted MR and photothermal properties was investigated. Continued efforts have been directed toward treatment of tumor-bearing mice using the selected optimal nanocomposite to detect their therapeutic effi cacy, and their safety was also investigated ( Scheme 1 ). Results and Discussion Synthesis and Characterization of NaDyF 4 : x %LuOleic acid (OA)-coated NaDyF 4 : x %Lu ( x % = 0, 20%, 50%, 80%) nanoparticles ( Figure 1 a) were synthesized by a typical Imaging-guided photothermal therapy based on functional nanomaterials has recently received signifi cant attention and the selection of functional materials with optimal imaging and therapy effect is extremely important. In this work, NaDyF 4 -based nanoparticles with varying size are synthesized by doping with different amounts of lutetium ions. To obtain an optimized material, the infl uence factor of magnetic resonance, X-ray attenuation, and photothermal properties are discussed in detail. Then, NaDyF 4 :50%Lu@Prussian blue (PB) nanocomposite is selected as the optimal functional material for T 1 -and T 2 -weighted magnetic resonance imaging, X-ray computed tomography, and photothermal imaging-guided photothermal therapy of tumor on a small animal model, and the treatment is applied with good results. Studies also suggest that the NaDyF 4 :50%Lu@PB nanocomposites are biocompatibile. The selection of an optimal material from a multi-perspective study has provided an incentive for the ...

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Lanthanide-based contrast agents have attracted increasing attention for their unique properties and potential applications in cancer theranostics. To date, many of these agents have been studied extensively in cells and small animal models. However, performance of these theranostic nanoparticles requires further improvement. In this study, a novel CsLu2F7:Yb,Er,Tm-based visual therapeutic platform was developed for imaging-guided synergistic cancer therapy. Due to the presence of the heavy alkali metal Cesium (Cs) in host lattice, the nanoplatform can provide a higher resolution X-ray CT imaging than many other reported lanthanide-based CT contrast agents. Furthermore, by using the targeted RGD motif, chemotherapy drug alpha-tocopheryl succinate (α-TOS), and photothermal coupling agent ICG, this nanoplatform simultaneously provides multifunctional imaging and targeted synergistic therapy. To demonstrate the theranostic performance of this novel nanoplatform in vivo, visual diagnosis in the small animal model was realized by UCL/CT imaging which was further integrated with targeted chemo-photothermal synergistic therapy. These results provided evidence for the successful construction of a novel lanthanide-based nanoplatform coupled with multimodal imaging diagnosis and potential application in synergistic cancer theranostics.

Photothermal treatment, a new approach for inactivation of bacteria and pathogens that does not depend on traditional therapeutic approaches, has recently received much attention. In this study, a new type of nanoplatform (PDA@Fe3O4 + PES) was fabricated by using polydopamine (PDA, a photothermal conversion agent) to encapsulate Fe3O4 (a magnetic nanoparticle) and support 2-phenylethynesulfonamide (PES, an inhibitor of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70)). Upon near-infrared light irradiation, the increased temperature weakens π-π and hydrogen bonding interactions, and PES is released from the PDA@Fe3O4 + PES. The released PES inhibits the function of HSP70, reducing bacterial tolerance to photothermal therapy and improving the therapeutic effect against infectious bacterial pathogens. After treatment, PDA@Fe3O4 + PES can be recovered using the magnetic property of the Fe3O4 cores. Consequently, PDA@Fe3O4 + PES possesses the potential to be a recyclable photothermal agent for enhanced photothermal bacterial inactivation without causing secondary pollution.

The aim of the study was to compare the efficacy and safety between high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) treatment and uterine artery embolization (UAE) treatment; we retrospectively analyzed 152 cases with cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP). Based on our inclusion and exclusion criteria, 152 patients (average age, 31.8 ± 4.6 years old) with CSP were eligible for the HIFU group (85 patients) or the UAE group (77 patients). All patients in 2 groups received the treatment with suction curettage under hysteroscopy prior to HIFU or UAE treatment and followed up for 12 months. The assessment criteria of treatment efficacy included the success rate, intraoperative blood loss, duration of vaginal bleeding, normal menstrual function recovery time, time for β-human chorionic gonadotrophin (β-HCG) back to normal level, duration of hospital stays, and other adverse effects. Following up for 12 months, the HIFU group was of less intraoperative blood loss (76.38 ± 22.89 vs 114.42 ± 30.34 mL, P = .02), shorter duration of postoperative vaginal bleeding (11.28 ± 3.65 vs 15.77 ± 7.24 days, P = .01) and lower adverse effects rate comparing to the UAE group. However, the HIFU group have longer time for the β-HCG recovery to the normal level (35.28 ± 9.86 vs 29.91 ± 7.29, P = .03). Additionally, there were no significantly statistic differences between the 2 groups in baseline characteristics, success rate, and average time of gestational sac disappeared and menstrual recovery and hospital stay. Thus, we concluded that the method of both HIFU and UAE combined with suction curettage under hysteroscopy is safe and effective in the management of CSP. Meanwhile, HIFU is a better therapy option than UAE for those women who are seeking complete relieve of symptom to gain fertility.