Low‐bandgap mixed tin–lead perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have been attracting increasing interest due to their appropriate bandgaps and promising application to build efficient all‐perovskite tandem cells, an effective way to break the Shockley–Queisser limit of single‐junction cells. Tin fluoride (SnF2) has been widely used as a basis along with various strategies to improve the optoelectronic properties of low‐bandgap SnPb perovskites and efficient cells. However, fully understanding the roles of SnF2 in both films and devices is still lacking and fundamentally desired. Here, the functions of SnF2 in both low‐bandgap (FASnI3)0.6(MAPbI3)0.4 perovskite films and efficient devices are unveiled. SnF2 regulates the growth mode of low‐bandgap SnPb perovskite films, leading to highly oriented topological growth and improved crystallinity. Meanwhile, SnF2 prevents the oxidation of Sn2+ to Sn4+ and reduces Sn vacancies, leading to reduced background hole density and defects, and improved carrier lifetime, thus largely decreasing nonradiative recombination. Additionally, the F− ion preferentially accumulates at hole transport layer/perovskite interface with high SnF2 content, leading to more defects. This work provides in‐depth insights into the roles of SnF2 additives in low‐bandgap SnPb films and devices, assisting in further investigations into multiple additives and approaches to obtain efficient low‐bandgap PSCs.

No abstract

Abstract

AcknowledgementsWe thank Yael Kuperman for her help in neurohypophysis dissection; Hagit Dafni for providing C57BL6 mice for dissociation protocol optimization; Stefan Jung for providing he Cx3cr1:GFP mice and Shalev Itzkovitz for the smFISH probes; Amrutha Swaminathan and Ludmila Gordon for their valuable comments on the text and figures and Hanjie Li for his advices on cluster annotation. Abstract:The neurohypophysis (NH), located at the posterior lobe of the pituitary, is a major neuroendocrine tissue, which mediates osmotic balance, blood pressure, reproduction, and lactation by means of releasing the neurohormones oxytocin and arginine-vasopressin from the brain into the peripheral blood circulation. The major cellular components of the NH are hypothalamic axonal termini, fenestrated endothelia and pituicytes, the resident astroglia. However, despite the physiological importance of the NH, the exact molecular signature defining neurohypophyseal cell types and in particular the pituicytes, remains unclear. Using single cell RNA sequencing, we captured seven distinct cell types in the NH and intermediate lobe (IL) of adult male mouse. We revealed novel pituicyte markers showing higher specificity than previously reported. Single molecule in situ hybridization revealed spatial organization of the major cell types implying intercellular communications. We present a comprehensive molecular and cellular characterization of neurohypophyseal cell-types serving as a valuable resource for further functional research. Significance StatementThe neurohypophysis (NH) is a major neuroendocrine interface, which allows the brain to regulate the function of peripheral organs in response to specific physiological demands. Despite its importance, a comprehensive molecular description of cell identities in the NH is still lacking. Utilizing single cell RNA sequencing technology, we identified the transcriptomes of five major neurohypophyseal cell types in the adult male mice and mapped the spatial distribution of selected cell types in situ. We revealed an unexpected cellular heterogeneity of the neurohypophysis and provide novel molecular markers for neurohypophyseal cell types with higher specificity than previously reported.

Highlights Ultrasonic/microwave-extracted green coffee oil showed the highest cafestol, kahweol and α-tocopherol contents. The oil extracted from green coffee beans with the microwave technique presented a higher content of polyunsaturated fatty acids. The highest content of γ-tocopherol and β-sitosterol was reported for green coffee oil derived by pressurized liquid extraction. Data fusion combined with chemometrics was effective in evaluating green coffee oil obtained by different extraction techniques.

No abstract

Power conversion efficiency (PCE) of lead (Pb)‐free tin (Sn)‐based perovskite solar cells (PVSCs) is much lower than that of their Pb‐based counterparts, which is mainly attributed to large open‐circuit voltage (VOC) loss and poor fill factor (FF). In this work, a strategy via vacuum‐assisted treatment of the Sn perovskite layer to self‐heal defects in Sn perovskite is reported, leading to suppression of nonradiative recombination and enhancement of carrier transport capability. Using this method, a maximum PCE of 10.3% is obtained for dual FA‐MA (MA = methylammonium and FA = formamidinium) cation Sn‐based PVSCs with an improved VOC of 0.631 V and FF of 75.5%. This work suggests a facile approach to finely inhibit the defects in the bulk or at interfaces for Sn‐based devices and further facilitate development of highly efficient Sn‐based PVSCs.

Background Long non-coding RNA differentiation antagonizing nonprotein coding RNA (lncRNA DANCR) has been reported to act as an oncogene in various human cancers. The role of DANCR in development of pancreatic cancer (PC) is unknown. The aim of our research was to investigate the biological role of DANCR in PC. Material/Methods Expressions of DANCR, miR-214-5p, and E2F2 mRNA in PC tissues and cell lines were examined by qRT-PCR. Western blotting was carried out for detection of E2F2 protein expression in PC cells. Transwell assays were used to examine the metastatic ability of PC cells, while CCK-8 and colony formation assay were applied to evaluate cell proliferation. The effects of DANCR on PC cells were assessed by knockdown in vitro and in vivo . The regulatory mechanism of competitive endogenous RNAs were obtained from bioinformatics prediction and luciferase reporter assay. Results DANCR was markedly upregulated in clinical tissues and cell lines of PC. High DANCR expression exhibited a significant correlation with poor prognosis. DANCR knockdown inhibited growth and metastasis of PC cells. Furthermore, DANCR acted as sponge to regulate miR-214-5p, and miR-214-5p inhibitor reversed the effects of DANCR knockdown on PC cells. Moreover, DANCR positively modulated E2F2 expression through miR-214-5p in PC cells. Conclusions Collectively, our findings demonstrated that lncRNA DANCR/miR-214-5p/E2F2 axis acts as an oncogene in PC development, which might provide a potential target for PC therapy.