Background
Lung cancer is the common cause of cancer‐related deaths throughout the world, and brain is a frequent metastatic site of lung cancer.
Aim
This research sought to evaluate the impact of the number of brain metastases in prognosticating non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients accounting to the role of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations.
Methods and Results
NSCLC patients with brain metastases diagnosed/treated in West China Hospital, Sichuan University between 2009 and 2017 were identified retrospectively. Kaplan–Meier approach was adopted to estimate OS. And we performed univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses of characteristics related to overall survival (OS) in both EGFR‐mutated and wild‐type cohorts. In total, this study included 611 eligible NSCLC patients with brain metastases. Extracranial metastases and chemotherapy were independent prognostic factors of OS in both cohorts. As the disease progressed, EGFR‐mutated patients had brain metastasis significantly earlier (
P
< .0001), but they also had notably better survival outcomes than wild‐type patients (
P
< .0001). And the number of brain metastases impacted the survival incidence in the progression significantly in both EGFR‐mutated and wild‐type groups (
P
= .0087/.037, respectively).
Conclusion
The number of brain metastases was a prognostic factor for lung cancer patients either with EGFR mutations or with wild‐type EGFR, with larger number indicating more unfavorble clinical outcomes. Patients with EGFR mutations had a better survival.
Falling is the second leading cause of accidental injury to death worldwide. It is estimated that more than 80% of the people die each year in low and middle-income countries. Falling is also the leading cause of death among the elderly in China. Among them, the falling rate in 2016 increased by 5% compared with 2006. Although not fatal, those who fell and have a disability, which may face significant economic risks associated with subsequent long-term care needs, especially for the elderly [1]. It may be essential to use evidence-based guidelines for proving health education to address the issue of preventing hospitalization for the elderly. This article will combine the author’s practical experience to examine the contribution of health education to prevent falls and explore its application and development in China. Lastly, it will explain barriers to health education.
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