Developing a feasible and efficient separation membrane for the purification of highly emulsified oily wastewater is of significance but challenging due to the critical limitations of low flux and serious membrane fouling. Herein, a biomimetic and superwettable nanofibrous skin on an electrospun fibrous membrane via a facile strategy of synchronous electrospraying and electrospinning is created. The obtained nanofibrous skin possesses a lotus‐leaf‐like micro/nanostructured surface with intriguing superhydrophilicity and underwater superoleophobicity, which are due to the synergistic effect of the hierarchical roughness and hydrophilic polymeric matrix. The ultrathin, high porosity, sub‐micrometer porous skin layer results in the composite nanofibrous membranes exhibiting superior performances for separating both highly emulsified surfactant‐free and surfactant‐stabilized oil‐in‐water emulsions. An ultrahigh permeation flux of up to 5152 L m−2 h−1 with a separation efficiency of >99.93% is obtained solely under the driving of gravity (≈1 kPa), which was one order of magnitude higher than that of conventional filtration membranes with similar separation properties, showing significant applicability for energy‐saving filtration. Moreover, with the advantage of an excellent antioil fouling property, the membrane exhibits robust reusability for long‐term separation, which is promising for large‐scale oily wastewater remediation.

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A single-wall carbon nanotube network with welded tube-tube junctions shows excellent transparent conductive performance.

Porous modification is a general approach to endowing the rigid inorganic thermoelectric (TE) materials with considerable flexibility, however, by which the TE performances are severely sacrificed. Thus, there remains an ongoing struggle against the trade-off between TE properties and flexibility. Herein, we develop a novel strategy to combine BiTe thick film with ubiquitous cellulose fibers (CFs) via an unbalanced magnetron sputtering technique. Owing to the nano-micro hierarchical porous structures and the excellent resistance to crack propagation of the BiTe/CF architectures, the obtained sample with a nominal BiTe deposition thickness of tens of micrometers exhibits excellent mechanically reliable flexibility, of which the bending deformation radius could be as small as a few millimeters. Furthermore, the BiTe/CF with rational internal resistance and tailorable shapes and dimensions are successfully fabricated for practical use in TE devices. Enhanced Seebeck coefficients are observed in the BiTe/CF as compared to the dense BiTe films, and the lattice thermal conductivity is remarkably reduced due to the strong phonon scattering effect. As a result, the TE figure of merit, ZT, is achieved as high as ∼0.38 at 473 K, which competes with the best flexible TEs and can be further improved by optimizing the carrier concentrations. We believe this developed technique not only opens up a new window to engineer flexible TE materials for practical applications but also promotes the robust development of the fields, such as paper-based flexible electronics and thin-film electronics.