The purpose of this experiment is to select Cyclocodon lancifolius (Roxb.) Kurz strain with a high yield and quality to enhance environmental tolerance. Therefore, we report the first case of polyploid induction in C. lancifolius. The treatment of seed and in vitro shoot tips with colchicine was explored as a means of inducing polyploid, and polyploidy was effectively identified by chromosome counting. After successful induction of polyploid, the optimized in vitro culture for polyploid plants was investigated via a complete combination experiment. The results showed that seeds were not suitable for polyploid induction. The shoot tips were treated with 0.05% colchicine solution for 36 h and then transferred to Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 0.1 mg L 1 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA), 1.0 mg L 1 α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 0.05% colchicine for 60 h. Finally, rooting culture was conducted in the above medium without colchicine, yielding the highest induction rate (25.42%), without chimerism. Compared with diploid plants, autotetraploid plants had more distinctive characters, such as larger and darker green leaves, more obvious veins, thicker stems, and more developed root systems. Furthermore, in MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg•L 1 NAA and 0.01 mg•L 1 6-BA, tetraploid shoots formed complete plantlets through one-step culture, with above 7.0 multiplication coefficient and 100% rooting rate. The survival rate was 100%. The induction system for the autopolyploid of C. lancifolius was successfully established, which provided an experimental basis for breeding heredity and variety improvement.
Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua is not only a widely used traditional Chinese medicine, but also processed into food and cosmetics. However, its large-scale cultivation and application are limited by the low reproduction rate for traditional artificial propagation technology. Therefore, the aim of this study was to establish an efficient and stable adventitious buds induction system for P. cyrtonema by using one bud rhizome segment as initial explants. The results showed that the optimal medium for the rhizome growth, adventitious buds occurrence and proliferation was MS medium supplemented with 3.0 mg·L–1 BA, 1.0 mg·L–1 NAA and 1.0 mg·L–1 KT, with a proliferation coefficient of 6.5. The best rooting medium was found to be half strength of MS medium with 0.5–1.0 mg·L–1 NAA. The survival rate was higher than 95%. Finally, an asexual rapid propagation system of P. cyrtonema was established, which can provide the technical basis for the development of nursery culture.
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