This paper studies the connection between intermediate input imports and firms’ export quality using firm‐level data from 2000 to 2007. Our regression results show that intermediate input imports promote manufacturing firms’ export quality through ‘variety effects’ and ‘innovation effects’, though the effects are significantly different among firms with different characteristics, and the magnitude of these effects differs across import sources and the quality of imported intermediate inputs themselves. Moreover, we find that a good institutional environment is conducive to the strengthening of the positive influence of intermediate input imports on export quality. Furthermore, the dynamic decomposition demonstrates that the reallocation effect is the key force through which imported inputs boost industrial aggregate quality growth. Taken together, these results suggest that product upgrading facilitated by quality embedded in imported intermediate inputs, a good institutional environment and market share reallocation help Chinese firms to improve the quality of their export products.
Server load balancing based on SDN compared with the traditional load balancing method, can effectively improve the performance of the server load balancing, and reduce the complexity of implementation. Openflow is south interface protocol of SDN switch. The core of server load balancing based on SDN is dynamic building Openflow flow tables. This paper puts forward a dynamic flow table design algorithm which based on "single flow table" and "group flow table" combination, "Single flow table" can accurately monitor traffic of each client, "Group flow table" can effectively category client hosts. This algorithm does not only effectively avoid excessive number of flow tables, and better solve the defect that flow table matching range is too wide, experiments show that the algorithm has good feasibility and higher traffic scheduling performance of network.
How do government subsidies affect firm survival? By using Chinese firm-level data for 1998 to 2007, we show that, on average, there is a positive and significant impact of government subsidies on firm survival. We also investigate the heterogeneous effects of government subsidies with different intensities on firm survival, and find that moderate-intensity government subsidies exert a positive impact on firm survival, while high-intensity government subsidies increase the exit probabilities, the underlying mechanisms via subsidy-seeking investment and innovation incentive weakening are supported by empirical evidence. Furthermore, we explore the role of governance institutions in the subsidy-survival relationship, and find that the positive impact of government subsidies on firm survival is more pronounced in regions with better governance institutions.
This paper investigates the effects of input trade liberalisation on firm markups and assesses how institutional environment affects such impacts by using Chinese firm‐level data. To identify the causal effects, we exploit the quasi‐natural experiment of China's WTO accession in 2001 and perform difference‐in‐differences estimation. The results show that input tariff liberalisation leads to a substantial increase in firm markups, and institutional environment significantly strengthens such an impact. We further uncover the underlying mechanisms through which input tariff liberalisation boosts firm markups, and show that both price and cost channels work for the input tariff cut effect on firm markups, of which the latter is much more important. In addition, we also demonstrate that input tariff cut significantly fosters aggregate markup growth, and the reallocation effect is found to be an important channel through which input tariff liberalisation boosts aggregate markup growth.
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