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Waist-to-height ratio might be an effective index to identify cardiometabolic risk factors in Chinese with normal BMI and WC, particularly in females.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relationship of the manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) Val16Ala (V16A) polymorphism with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and diabetic nephropathy (DN) in Chinese patients, a case-control study was performed. This case-control study included 172 non-diabetic (non-DM) subjects and 257 T2DM patients with or without DN. Among T2DM patients, 154 had DN [albumin excretion rate (AER) >or= 30 mg/24 h] and 103 did not (AER < 30 mg/24 h), but the latter with known diabetes duration >or=10 years. The DN patients were further divided into groups with microalbuminuria (DN-1; n = 92; 300 > AER >or= 30 mg/24 h) and overt albuminuria nephropathy (DN-2; n = 62; AER >or= 300 mg/24 h). PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) was used to detect genotypes of the V16A polymorphism for all subjects. The genotypic distributions of the V16A polymorphism in non-DM and T2DM subjects were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and Ala allelic frequencies did not differ (11.9% vs. 9.1%; P > 0.05). The AA+VA genotypic frequencies of DN patients were significantly lower than those of non-DN patients (11.6% vs. 24.3%; P = 0.008). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that except for HbA1C, triglyceride, and BMI, which were high risk factors for the development of DN, the AA+VA genotype of the MnSOD-V16A polymorphism was an independent protective factor from the development of DN (odds ratio = 0.42; 95% CI = 0.18-0.95; P = 0.037) in T2DM patients. Our results suggested that the MnSOD-V16A polymorphism is associated with decreased risk of diabetic nephropathy in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes.

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BACKGROUND Current approaches for the therapy of diabetic retinopathy (DR), which was one of leading causes of visual impairment, have their limitations. Animal experiments revealed that restructuring of intestinal microbiota can prevent retinopathy. AIM To explore the relationship between intestinal microbiota and DR among patients in the southeast coast of China, and provide clues for novel ways to prevention and treatment methods of DR. METHODS The fecal samples of non-diabetics (Group C, n = 15) and diabetics (Group DM, n = 30), including 15 samples with DR (Group DR) and 15 samples without DR (Group D), were analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing. Intestinal microbiota compositions were compared between Group C and Group DM, Group DR and Group D, as well as patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) (Group PDR, n = 8) and patients without PDR (Group NPDR, n = 7). Spearman correlation analyses were performed to explore the associations between intestinal microbiota and clinical indicators. RESULTS The alpha and beta diversity did not differ significantly between Group DR and Group D as well as Group PDR and Group NPDR. At the family level, Fusobacteriaceae , Desulfovibrionaceae and Pseudomonadaceae were significantly increased in Group DR than in Group D ( P < 0.05, respectively). At the genera level, Fusobacterium , Pseudomonas , and Adlercreutzia were increased in Group DR than Group D while Senegalimassilia was decreased ( P < 0.05, respectively). Pseudomonas was negatively correlated with NK cell count ( r = -0.39, P = 0.03). Further, the abundance of genera Eubacterium ( P < 0.01), Peptococcus , Desulfovibrio , Acetanaerobacterium and Negativibacillus ( P < 0.05, respectively) were higher in Group PDR compared to Group NPDR, while Pseudomonas , Alloprevotella and Tyzzerella ( P < 0.05, respectively) were lower. Acetanaerobacterium and Desulfovibrio were positively correlated with fasting insulin ( r = 0.53 and 0.61, respectively, P < 0.05), when Negativibacillus was negatively correlated with B cell count ( r = -0.67, ...