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Recently, bulk nanobubbles have attracted intensive attention due to the unique physicochemical properties and important potential applications in various fields. In this study, periodic pressure change was introduced to generate bulk nanobubbles. N2 nanobubbles with bimodal distribution and excellent stabilization were fabricated in nitrogen-saturated water solution. O2 and CO2 nanobubbles have also been created using this method and both have good stability. The influence of the action time of periodic pressure change on the generated N2 nanobubbles size was studied. It was interestingly found that, the size of the formed nanobubbles decreases with the increase of action time under constant frequency, which could be explained by the difference in the shrinkage and growth rate under different pressure conditions, thereby size-adjustable nanobubbles can be formed by regulating operating time. This study might provide valuable methodology for further investigations about properties and performances of bulk nanobubbles.

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Recent research has examined how the concept of institutional capacity relates to the ability of organisations to deliver industrial symbiosis, and in particular how that ability itself can develop over time. One approach to developing industrial symbiosis has been to build a network of local bodies to work together to this end. Terming such a body an industrial symbiosis coordination network, this study innovatively applies institutional capacity building theory in the context of a Chinese eco-industrial park. It examines how the coordination network developed the expertise to encourage local companies to engage in industrial symbiosis. This research consisted of a qualitative study, including participant observation, semi-structured interviews and document analysis to analyse the development of an industrial symbiosis coordination network in Tianjin Binhai New Area. It is found that the network increased institutional capacity for local IS development by promoting relational links across organisational divisions and governance levels, and by increasing various types of knowledge for coordinating IS.The concept of institutional capacity building is shown to have cross-cultural applicability. Reflections on this study indicate that local government can play a vital role in building and maintaining an IS coordination network in the Chinese context, but that other bodies are also needed to mobilise institutional capacity for IS development.

The preparation of graphene aerogel by hydrothermal or chemical reduction has been one of the hot topics of research. But in the process of assembly, the random weak connection of GO flakes leads to irreversible deformation under compression, and the mechanical stability of aerogel based on graphene is one of its drawbacks that is hard to overcome. Here, a novel method to prepare graphene aerogel with high mechanical stability was proposed via combining surface support brought by metallic-CNT networks and interfacial cross-linking of GO sheets achieved by nanoparticle selective absorption. Thoroughly dispersed metallic-CNTs absorbed on the basal plane of GO flakes formed continuous network structures, which not only improve the mechanical performance of flakes but also provide steric effects to impel the adsorption of metallic oxide magnetic nanoparticles concentrated on the edge of GO flakes, thereby guaranteeing the interfacial connection of adjacent rGO flakes by nanoparticle cross-linking. Meanwhile, the surface and interface reinforce approach can greatly improve the electrical conductivity and mechanical stability of composites. Owing to the light weight, abundant interface, high electrical conductivity, combined with the superparamagnetic properties brought by the magnetic nanoparticles, composite aerogel with high mechanical stability and excellent microwave absorption was achieved, of which the effective absorption bandwidth of the aerogel is 4.4–18 GHz and the maximum value can reach −49 dB. This approach could not only be used to prepare microwave absorption materials with light weight and high performance but also be meaningful to enlarge the construction and application of carbon-based materials.

With the growing popularity of online social networks, a large amount of private or sensitive information has been posted online. In particular, studies show that users sometimes reveal too much information or unintentionally release regretful messages, especially when they are careless, emotional, or unaware of privacy risks. As such, there exist great needs to be able to identify potentially-sensitive online contents, so that users could be alerted with such findings. In this paper, we propose a context-aware, text-based quantitative model for private information assessment, namely PrivScore, which is expected to serve as the foundation of a privacy leakage alerting mechanism. We first solicit diverse opinions on the sensitiveness of private information from crowdsourcing workers, and examine the responses to discover a perceptual model behind the consensuses and disagreements. We then develop a computational scheme using deep neural networks to compute a context-free PrivScore (i.e., the “consensus” privacy score among average users). Finally, we integrate tweet histories, topic preferences and social contexts to generate a personalized context-aware PrivScore. This privacy scoring mechanism could be employed to identify potentially-private messages and alert users to think again before posting them to OSNs.

The creation of a road network can lead to the fragmentation and reduction of the connectivity of the ecological habitat. The study of urban ecological networks under threat from rapidly developing road networks is of great significance in understanding the changes in urban ecological processes and in constructing a reasonable ecological network. Spatial syntax is a linear space analysis method based on graph theory. Taking Wuhan city as an example and adopting spatial syntax to quantify road network threat factors, two resistance surfaces are established based on land use type assignment and overlapping road network threat factor assignment. The ecological environment under two scenarios is constructed by combining the MSPA (Morphological Spatial Pattern Analysis) method and MCR (Minimal Cumulative Resistance) model to comprehensively evaluate the network. Results demonstrate that spatial syntax can effectively describe the spatial characteristics of the road network. The average resistance value of the study area increases by 15.94%, the length of corridor increases by 37.9 km, the energy consumption of biological and material exchanges increases, and the resistance increases. To a certain extent, the model reflects the impact of road network threats on ecological processes. The results are useful in identifying the impact of human activities on ecological processes and provide a reference point for the construction of urban ecological security patterns.

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