With environmental awareness growing in many countries, governments are taking measures to reduce mortality of migrating fish in pumping stations. Manufacturers seek to develop pumps that are less damaging to fish and still provide good hydraulic performance, but little is known about the implications design modifications may have on internal flow characteristics and overall hydraulic performance. In this paper, an integrated design method is proposed that combines a validated blade strike model for fish damage and a computational fluid dynamics method to assess the pump performance. A redesign of an existing, conventional, axial flow pump is presented as an example in this paper. It shows how the design of the impeller blades was modified stepwise in order to reduce fish mortality while its hydraulic performance was monitored. Computational fluid dynamics analysis of the flow near the hub of the highly skewed blades indicated that unconventional design modifications were required to ensure optimum flow behavior. In the final fish-friendly design, the risk of fish mortality has reduced considerably while the hydraulic performance of the pump is still acceptable for practical application.
The simulation study is proposed to analyze the wear property of the axial flow pump using the sewage as medium. Different axial flow pumps are designed with different back-swept angles, of which are 40°, 65°, and 90°. Numerical simulation results showed the relationship between solid volume fraction and back-swept angle on the pressure/suction surface, as well as the particle diameter. To validate the correctness of numerical investigation, the result of the 65° backswept blade model was compared with a sludge axial flow pump in sewage treatment plant, which showed fair agreement with the simulated results.
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