Zr modified spherical mesostructured cellular silica foams (MCFs) with different Zr contents were successfully synthesized via an incipient wetness impregnation method. The characterization results of FTIR, SEM, and SAXS indicated that zirconium was fabricated into the silicon framework; meanwhile, the parent sphere-like morphology and topological structure were retained. Additionally, BET results showed that the as-synthesized materials possessed ultralarge pore volume (1.56 cm 3 /g), large pore size (15.9 nm), and high surface area (467 m 2 /g) when the weight percentage of Zr in the support was 12.6%, demonstrating that MCFs would be an alternative support for hydrotreating catalyst. Furthermore, the corresponding supported NiMo/Zr-MCFs catalysts were well-characterized. It was found that zirconium as an electronic promoter not only facilitated the formation of NiMoO 4 precursor but also enhanced the redox ability of the catalysts as well as brought Brønsted and Lewis acid sites into MCFs, which were conducive to the hydrodesulfurization (HDS) performance. Then the catalyst activities were evaluated by using FCC diesel as feedstock, in which NiMo/Zr-MCFs-6.9 catalyst (Si/Zr = 20) had the highest hydrodesulfurization (97.3%) and hydrodenitrogenation efficiencies (98.1%); correspondingly, the main reasons could be ascribed to its desirable textural property, suitable redox ability, appropriate dispersion degree of active metals, and moderate acid property.

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ZSM-5-KIT-5 (Zk) materials with different amounts of ZSM-5 emulsion were successfully synthesized by a nano self-assembly method.

Zr modified mesoporous alumina Al-TUD-1 with different Zr content was successfully synthesized via sol− gel method and the optimal thermal treatment time was 4 h. The characterization results of HRTEM, XPS and pyridine FT-IR revealed that Zr atoms acted as electronic promoters not only enhanced the sulfidation degree and modulated the morphology of MoS 2 active phases but also brought more acidities into the alumina framework. Additionally, the sulfided catalysts were evaluated using dibenzothiophene (DBT) and FCC diesel as feedstocks, respectively. NiMo/ZrAT-100 catalyst with the largest pore size, the highest active metal sulfidities, as well as the highest total acid and B/L value exhibited the highest HDS (99.1%) and HDN efficiencies (98.7%) in diesel hydrotreating reaction; moreover, it possessed the largest reaction rate constant in DBT HDS reaction. Furthermore, a possible reaction network was also proposed, in which DDS route was the predominant pathway for DBT HDS.

Herein, a series of wrinkled silica nanoparticles with hierarchical pores (HPWSNs) were successfully prepared by dual-templating, of which the Ni2P/HPWSNs-0.13 catalyst with the smallest Ni2P particles exhibited the highest naphthalene hydrogenation activity.